48. The target of antifungal polyenes and imidazoles is: A. Cell wall synthesis.

Question

48. The target of antifungal polyenes and imidazoles is: A. Cell wall synthesis. B. RNA or DNA synthesis. C. Folic acid synthesis. D. Protein synthesis. E. Membrane synthesis or function 49. Comparing aerobic respiration (AR) with photosynthesis (P) as carried out by an E. coli or cyanobacterium, which of the following is false? A. P makes oxygen, AR consumes oxygen B. AR makes water, P splits water C. AR reduces carbon, P oxidizes carbon D. P uses NADP, AR uses NAD E. All of the above are true 50. The best way to maintain bacteria (without changes) for long periods is: A. by multiple transfers on the proper medium. B. in the freezer (-20 C) on top of a refrigerator. C. lyophilized. D. in broth at 37° C. E. in the refrigerator. 51. With respect to the action of physical/chemical agents,which of the following is false? A. Alcohols and heat coagulate proteins. B. Oxidizing agents and metals may oxidize and remove free sulfhydryl groups. C. It take just as long to kill the last organism in a population of one million as it did to ki first 900,000. D. The presence of extraneous excess organic matter increases the effectiveness of killing. E. All of the above are true. 52. What would be a suitable method for disinfecting expensive medical instruments (e.g. cytoscopes, endoscopes) between patients? A. Formaldehyde B. Glutaraldehyde C. Triclosan D. Mercury E. 5% hypochlorite. 53. Allosteric enzymes A. have multiple active sites for different substrates. B. have a site that binds to other enzymes. C. have an additional binding site other than the active site that is involved in regulating enzyme activity D. bind allosteric inhibitors (or activators) in the "other site." E. C and D

Explanation / Answer

48. The answer is E. membrane synthesis or function.
Polyenes bind irreversibly to cell membranes and block the membrane function where as imidazoles inhibit the synthesis of ergosterol, the main sterol in membranes of fungi and block the membrane sysnthesis.

49. The answer is C. AR reduces carbon and P oxidizes carbon.
In fact, the carbon reduces during photosynthesisi, oxidizes during aerobic respiration.

50. The answer is C. lyophilized.

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