3. How do neurotransmitter gases differ from other neurotransmitters? 4. What ar
ID: 217839 • Letter: 3
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3. How do neurotransmitter gases differ from other neurotransmitters? 4. What are receptor subtypes? What is their significance for drug development? 5. Explain the importance of the therapeutic index in a dose-response curve (DRC) 16. How does marjuana affect synaptic mechanisms and behavior? 7. Which drugs are classified as hallucinogens, and what neurotransmitter system do most of them affect? 8. Describe the four different perspectives on drug abuse. 19. Explain the relationship between addiction and the nucleus accumbens. 20. Describe the details from Figure 4.7: Drug effects on presynaptic mechanism, and Figure 4.8 Drug 21. Describe how these drugs affect neurons: reserpine,textrodotoxin, amphetamines, caffeine, cocaine, 22. Describe the major effect on synaptic mechanisms (.e. agonist or antagonist? Which step in synaptic effects on postsynaptic mechanisms curare, nicotine, alcohol. activity?) and effect on behavior of these drugs: a)antischizophrenics/antipsychotics, (e.g chlorpromazine/Thorazine), bjantidepressants (MAO inihibitors, tricyclics, selective serotonin reuptake nihibitors), canxiolytics/antianxiety drugs: (e.g. benzodiazepines), d)jopiates (morphine, heroin). 23. (Honors Section Only: Questions on Cannabidiol Worksheet)Explanation / Answer
13.Neurotransmitter gases are nitric oxide , carbon monoxide etc whereas neurotransmitters are glutamate , aspartate like amino acids etc.
14. Subtypes or family of a receptor .Like adenosine receptor(AR) has four subtypes - A1AR , A2aAR , A2bAR , A3AR.
These kind of receptor subunits can play different roles and that can be helpful in drug development like GABA receptor subtype is very helpful for CNS drug development.
15. The therapeuticindex (TI) is a comparision of the amount of a therapeutic agent that causes the therapeutic effect to the amount that causes toxicity observed from dose-response curve.
This serves as a safety window to ensure the clinical indication of a approved drug.
16. Marijuana contains THC which has a similar chemical structure of a brain neurotransmitter anandamide.Thus it allows the body to recognise the drug in place of the brain chemical and thus it stops the normal brain communication and synaptic mechanism followed by behaviour.
17. The drugs causes hallucinations are called hallucinogens like LSD , mescaline , psilocybin ,PCP etc.
They affect the neurotransmitter serotonin and glutamate mostly.
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