1. Cheetahs are large African cats that can run faster than 60 mph when chasing
ID: 217537 • Letter: 1
Question
1. Cheetahs are large African cats that can run faster than 60 mph when chasing prey. How would you explain how the ability to run fast evolved in cheetahs, assuming their ancestors could only rur 20 mph? 2. Cave salamanders are blind (they have eyes that do not function). How would you explain how blind cave salamanders evolved from their ancestors that could see? 3. A number of mosquito populations are today resistant to DDT, even though those species were not evolved in resistant to DDT when it was first used. Biologists believe that DDT resistance mosquitoes because: A. Individual mosquitoes built up immunity to DDT after being exposed to it. B. Mosquitoes needed to be resistant to DDT in order to survive. C. A few mosquitoes were probably resistant to DDT before it was used. D. Mosquitoes learned to adapt to their environment. Choose one of the above and explain how it resulted in the evolution of DDT resistance in mosquitoesExplanation / Answer
1.
A long time ago cheetahs could only run 20 miles per hour, but a few of them could run a little faster because of a mutation or something. Those that could run faster had an advantage over the others because they could get more food and stuff. The faster ones gave their kids the mutation and they could run faster than the others. The slow ones died and the fast ones lived and had kids. Some of those kids mutated again and became even faster. This happens over and over again until now most all cheetahs can run 60 miles per hour.
2.
Individual animals who conserve energy by not requiring the biological proesses and structures need to maintain sight and are more successful in reproduction. Also their genes are more likely to be found in the next generation. The complete absence of light in the caves do not benefit the cave salamanders from using their eyes. There is no selective advantage for salamanders with the functional eyes. Salamanders in cave still need to sense and respond to their environments though, so they evolved keen hearing ability in response and this led to the loss of function of their eyes.
3.
Correct: a few mosquitoes were probably resistant to the insecticide before it was ever used, and these mosquitoes survived to reproduce. These are responsible for making all the present mosquitoes the DDT resistant.
Hence, the correct option is (3). and all others are the incorrect options.
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