4. All of the following statements about mitochondrial-based human diseases are

Question

4. All of the following statements about mitochondrial-based human diseases are true EXCEPT A) Mitochondria replacement procedures (that produce the three-parent babies') are just beginning to be performed. B) Mitochondria replacement would only be appropriate for those diseases that are caused by mutations in the mitochondrial genome. O The inherence of mitochondria-based genetic diseases can be through either the maternal or paternal parent. D) Mitochondrial-based human diseases only affect muscle function.

Explanation / Answer

Option C is the correct answer.

Inheritance of mitochondria-based genetic disease can be only through maternal parent. In sexual reproduction, mitochondria are normally inherited exclusively from the mother; the mitochondria in mammalian sperm are usually destroyed by the egg cell after fertilization. Hence, mitochondrial DNA is only inherited through maternal parent. This is the reason why inheritance of mitochondria-based genetic diseases can be only through maternal parent.

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