5) A novel allele (called HbX) has been discovered for the HBB gene. The HbX all

Question

5) A novel allele (called HbX) has been discovered for the HBB gene. The HbX allele has a mutation at amino acid residue # 15 that changes a methionine to glutamic acid. The structure of these two amino acids is shown below. Indicate on the gel on the previous page where you think this novel form of hemoglobin would migrate to if it were loaded into the last (empty) well. Assume the hemoglobin from an individual that is homozygous for the HbX allele. H l ,N-- CH2 OH CH CH CH O o Methionine Glutamic acid

Explanation / Answer

Since this protein has a net negative charge therefore will migrate from the the cathode ("black" = "negative") end towards the anode ("red" = "positive") end of the field.

This is the Substitution mutations that result in the replacement of one amino acid by another with a different electrical charge can lead to slight changes in the overall charges of the protein.

In this case, the Methione is replaced to the Glutamic acid which is a negative charge

Protein electrophoresis is used to detect allozyme variation. Tissue extracts are introduced into a gel in the sample wells at the Origin. An electrical field is applied, this protein have a net negative charge therefore will migrate from the Origin at the cathode ("black" = "negative") end towards the anode ("red" = "positive") end of the field. The positions of the protein products are detected either directly by staining, or by coupled enzymatic reactions.

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