1.What are the the null and alternate hypotheses of Mendel’s experiment? 2.What
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Question
1.What are the the null and alternate hypotheses of Mendel’s experiment?2.What is the chi squared value from the monohybrid cross? Does this support Mendel’s hypothesis? Why or why not?
3. What are the predicted phenotypic ratios of the offspring of a test cross?
4. Does your test cross corn experiment agree with this prediction? Why or why not?
5.What is the chi squared value from the dihybrid cross? Why does this tell you about Mendel’s law of independent assortment? Table 7.3. Goodness of fit table for Mendel's experiment on seed shape and color. Phenotypes Round/Green 104.25 108 3.75 Wrinkled/Yellow 104.25 101-3.25 Wrinkled/Green 34.75 32 -2.75 14.0625 10.5625 0.1344 0.1013 0.2176 7.5625 AB Ab aB ab ab AaBb Aabb aaBb Aabb Monohybrid Table 7.1. Goodness of fit table for Mendel's experiment on seed shape. 361 361 0.0657 0.1972 19 Round Wrinkled 1831 185019 a Aa Aa a AaAa A AA Aa Gaa
Explanation / Answer
1. 1.What are the the null and alternate hypotheses of Mendel’s experiment?
Null hypothesis: The observed values are not deviating from the Mendal’s experimental ratios.
Alternative hypothesis: : The observed values are deviating from the Mendal’s experimental ratios.
2.What is the chi squared value from the monohybrid cross? Does this support Mendel’s hypothesis? Why or why not?
Null hypothesis: The observed values are not deviating from the Mendal’s experimental ratios.
Alternative hypothesis: : The observed values are deviating from the Mendal’s experimental ratios.
Category
Pruple
Yellow
Total
Observed values
78
22
100
Exptected Ratio
3
1
4
Exprected Values
75
25
Deviation
3
-3
D^2
9
9
D^2/E
0.12
0.36
0.48
X^2
0.48
Degrees of freedom
-
1
Inference: The calculated chisquare value i.e. 0.48 is less than the table value i.e. 3.84 at 1 DF and 0.05 probability. Hence, the null hypothesis is accepted.
3. What are the predicted phenotypic ratios of the offspring of a test cross?
Category
Pruple
white
Total
Observed values
53
47
100
Exptected Ratio
1
1
2
Exprected Values
100*1/2 = 50
100*1/2 = 50
4. Does your test cross corn experiment agree with this prediction? Why or why not?
Null hypothesis: The observed values are not deviating from the Mendal’s experimental ratios.
Alternative hypothesis: : The observed values are deviating from the Mendal’s experimental ratios.
Category
Pruple
white
Total
Observed values
53
47
100
Exptected Ratio
1
1
2
Exprected Values
50
50
Deviation
3
-3
D^2
9
9
D^2/E
0.18
0.18
0.36
X^2
0.36
Degrees of freedom
-
1
Inference: The calculated chisquare value i.e. 0.36 is less than the table value i.e. 3.84 at 1 DF and 0.05 probability. Hence, the null hypothesis is accepted.
5.What is the chi squared value from the dihybrid cross? Why does this tell you about Mendel’s law of independent assortment?
Null hypothesis: The observed values are not deviating from the Mendal’s experimental ratios.
Alternative hypothesis: : The observed values are deviating from the Mendal’s experimental ratios.
Category
Pruple Round
Purple wrinkled
Yellow Round
Yellow wrinkled
Total
Observed values (O)
50
21
23
7
101
Exptected Ratio (ER)
9
3
3
1
16
Exprected Values (E)
56.8125
18.9375
18.9375
6.3125
Deviation (O-E)
-6.8125
2.0625
4.0625
0.6875
D^2
46.41016
4.253906
16.50391
0.472656
D^2/E
0.8169
0.224629
0.871493
0.074876
1.987899
X^2
1.987899
Degrees of freedom
4
-
1
3
Inference: The calculated chisquare value i.e. 1.98 is less than the table value i.e. 7.82 at 3 DF and 0.05 probability. Hence, the null hypothesis is accepted.
Category
Pruple
Yellow
Total
Observed values
78
22
100
Exptected Ratio
3
1
4
Exprected Values
75
25
Deviation
3
-3
D^2
9
9
D^2/E
0.12
0.36
0.48
X^2
0.48
Degrees of freedom
-
1
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