6, PS#2 Q6 described experiments to test the effect of Cytochalasin B. (Please r

Question

6, PS#2 Q6 described experiments to test the effect of Cytochalasin B. (Please refer back to PS #2 Q6 for details and results. Suppose you perform a similar experiment, but WITHOUT first decorating actin microfilaments with myosin heads. A. (8pts) Please draw the expected way the actin microfilaments will look at different times after incubation in the absence or presence of Cytochalasin B. (Circles represent actin monomers.) +cytochalasin B cytochalasin B 90b Before adding monomers Added monomers for short time Added monomers For long time B. (4pts) What is the strongest conclusion you could make about the effects of Cytochalasin B on actin growth from the results you drew in Part A? 7. (10pts) Please describe the molecular processes by which a neutrophil senses, polarizes, and crawls in the right direction to move towards pathogens. Your response should include Arp 2/3 Chemotractant N-WASP Myosin Leading edge ATP hydrolysis Trailing edge Pushing force Focal adhesion Treadmilling

Explanation / Answer

7.

The first line of defense of the innate immune system is provided by the neutrophils and other phagocyte cells. These cells kill and digest the bacteria and fungi. The cell migration is an example of chemotaxis that is induced by the cytokines secreted from activated immune cells. The outward motion by the chemotaxis is due to the several internal factors in the neutrophils. The actin filament elongation for the movement is performed by the Ena/VASP proteins. The membrane linked motor proteins facilitate the addition of G-actin monomers to the actin filament during tracking the most recently added monomer. Focal adhesion kinase help in effective chemotaxis process by the neutrophils with the help of chemoattractants.

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