During DNA replication in E. coli, the synthesis of each nascent strand occurs i

Question

During DNA replication in E. coli, the synthesis of each nascent strand occurs in a different way. Leading strand synthesis occurs continuously in the 5' to 3' direction. Lagging strand synthesis occurs discontinuously, seemingly in the 3' to 5' direction. In order to regulate the synthesis of both strands, some enzymes and molecules are specific to leading or lagging strand synthesis, whereas others are involved in both processes. Categorize each of the following enzymes or molecules based on whether it is required for leading strand synthesis, lagging strand synthesis, or both types of synthesis Leading strand synthesis Lagging strand synthesis h types of synthesis DNA gyrase DNA polymerase III DNA polymerase I primase multiple RNA primers a single RNA primer

Explanation / Answer

Leading strand

- a single RNA primer. Here only one primer is used which comes and binds to the site of the strand. the nucleotides come and bind to it and form the strand.

Lagging strand -  

- multiple RNA primers - Here the strands are synthesized in short sequence and released. Each time there is a new primer needed and hence multiple primers are used.

Both strands

DNA Gyrase - It helps in unwinding of the DNA and relieves the strain associated with it.

DNA Polymerase III - It helps in replication of both the leading and lagging strand of the molecule.

DNA polymerase I - It is responsible for removal of the RNA primers which is used for strand synthesis and replaces it with nucleotides.

Primase - They are the enzymes which are responsible for the formation of short sequences known as a primer. It binds to both lagging and leading strand which helps in extension by binding nucleotides

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