Lab 4, Comparative Morphology The dental formula. Use the pictures of skulls and
ID: 212632 • Letter: L
Question
Lab 4, Comparative Morphology
The dental formula.
Use the pictures of skulls and mandibles shown in the supplementary materials for this lab exercise to determine the dental formulas for each species, enter them in the table below. Some species of strepsirrhines (lemurs and lorisoids) have toothcombs that facilitate grooming and/ or certain types of food processing like tree gouging. These toothcombs consist of 4 incisors and 2 canines, but because the premolars shift forward and resemble canines they are difficult to distinguish. Differentiating the premolars and molars can also be quite challenging – keep in mind that the anterior (most forward) premolars tend to be a bit pointier and more canine-like and the posterior (most rearward) premolars tend to be a bit flatter and more molar-like. The molars themselves typically have more cusps and larger basins than the premolars. Most of the skulls have at least one of each kind of tooth, but one of the specimens has evolutionarily lost quite a few teeth. Species Incisors Canine Premolars Molars Ring-Tailed Lemur1 Upper • • • Lower • • • Howler Monkey Upper • • • Lower • • • Baboon Upper • • • Lower • • • Gibbon Upper • • • Lower • • • Wombat Upper • • • Lower • • • 1 The ring-tailed lemur has a toothcomb! Look at this specimen carefully! Use the pictures of skulls and mandibles shown in the supplementary materials for this lab exercise to determine the dental formulas for each species, enter them in the table below. Some species of strepsirrhines (lemurs and lorisoids) have toothcombs that facilitate grooming and/ or certain types of food processing like tree gouging. These toothcombs consist of 4 incisors and 2 canines, but because the premolars shift forward and resemble canines they are difficult to distinguish. Differentiating the premolars and molars can also be quite challenging – keep in mind that the anterior (most forward) premolars tend to be a bit pointier and more canine-like and the posterior (most rearward) premolars tend to be a bit flatter and more molar-like. The molars themselves typically have more cusps and larger basins than the premolars. Most of the skulls have at least one of each kind of tooth, but one of the specimens has evolutionarily lost quite a few teeth. Species Incisors Canine Premolars Molars Ring-Tailed Lemur1 Upper • • • Lower • • • Howler Monkey Upper • • • Lower • • • Baboon Upper • • • Lower • • • Gibbon Upper • • • Lower • • • Wombat Upper • • • Lower • • • 1 The ring-tailed lemur has a toothcomb! Look at this specimen carefully! Use the pictures of skulls and mandibles shown in the supplementary materials for this lab exercise to determine the dental formulas for each species, enter them in the table below. Some species of strepsirrhines (lemurs and lorisoids) have toothcombs that facilitate grooming and/ or certain types of food processing like tree gouging. These toothcombs consist of 4 incisors and 2 canines, but because the premolars shift forward and resemble canines they are difficult to distinguish. Differentiating the premolars and molars can also be quite challenging – keep in mind that the anterior (most forward) premolars tend to be a bit pointier and more canine-like and the posterior (most rearward) premolars tend to be a bit flatter and more molar-like. The molars themselves typically have more cusps and larger basins than the premolars. Most of the skulls have at least one of each kind of tooth, but one of the specimens has evolutionarily lost quite a few teeth.
Species
Incisors
Canine
Premolars
Molars
Ring-Tailed Lemur1
Upper
•
•
•
Lower
•
•
•
Howler Monkey
Upper
•
•
•
Lower
•
•
•
Baboon
Upper
•
•
•
Lower
•
•
•
Gibbon
Upper
•
•
•
Lower
•
•
•
Wombat
Upper
•
•
•
Lower
•
•
•
1 The ring-tailed lemur has a toothcomb! Look at this specimen carefully!
Species
Incisors
Canine
Premolars
Molars
Ring-Tailed Lemur1
Upper
•
•
•
Lower
•
•
•
Howler Monkey
Upper
•
•
•
Lower
•
•
•
Baboon
Upper
•
•
•
Lower
•
•
•
Gibbon
Upper
•
•
•
Lower
•
•
•
Wombat
Upper
•
•
•
Lower
•
•
•
Explanation / Answer
Species
Incisors
Canine
Premolars
Molars
Ring-Tailed Lemur1
Upper
2
•
1
•
3
•
3
Lower
2
•
1
•
3
•
3
Howler Monkey
Upper
2
•
1
•
3
•
3
Lower
2
•
1
•
3
•
3
Baboon
Upper
2
•
1
•
2
•
3
Lower
2
•
1
•
2
•
3
Gibbon
Upper
2
•
1
•
2
•
3
Lower
2
•
1
•
2
•
3
Wombat
Upper
1
•
0
•
1
•
4
Lower
1
•
0
•
1
•
4
Species
Incisors
Canine
Premolars
Molars
Ring-Tailed Lemur1
Upper
2
•
1
•
3
•
3
Lower
2
•
1
•
3
•
3
Howler Monkey
Upper
2
•
1
•
3
•
3
Lower
2
•
1
•
3
•
3
Baboon
Upper
2
•
1
•
2
•
3
Lower
2
•
1
•
2
•
3
Gibbon
Upper
2
•
1
•
2
•
3
Lower
2
•
1
•
2
•
3
Wombat
Upper
1
•
0
•
1
•
4
Lower
1
•
0
•
1
•
4
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