hint questions are already answered. Name C. The article below was printed in th
ID: 210634 • Letter: H
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hint questions are already answered.
Name C. The article below was printed in the Toronto Sun on May 20, 1996. After reading the article, review it to find answers to the Hint questions that follow. en, use the information that you gathered from the article to suggest solutions to the case study questions. Exotic Parasite Sickens Ca nieroarganiam Cyelospora cayetanensis. Cyclospora infects the smal1 bowel and usualy causes vatery diarrhoa, with frequent, somretinea expiosive, bove novenentaSymptons can Include bloating, sncreased gas, stomsch ramps, ue, loss of sppetite. and profound veight lass.The nadia hee ave Businessmen By Xavier Onnasis8 TORONTO Public healtlh officiais today confemed that hree canadian businenssen, O 111ness is diagnosed by exansning imens in the isboratory tron Toronto and one from Cttawa, were diagnosed with cyclosporiasis, & parasitic disesse seen aniy in tropical countries and averseas travelera. The three nen, who had recently traveled to the United States, becane seriuslyby direct person-to-person spreatd stool Dr. Schabas declined to identify a source o intection tor the three businessmen but indicated that the psrasite sa transmisted throagh contaninated food or water but not 112 with diarrhea aver the The time between exponure to the weekend (May 16-18) One of the paraslte and becoming sick is men was hoapitalized at Peincess sually about 7 days Margaret Hospital when he coliapsed due to severe dehyázation r. Schabas reportes that al3 three en had at.cended a meeting in TexasMay 9-10He a Dr. Richard Schabas, Ontario' tario Heaith tepartment staff Chief Medical orricer, reported wuld be investigating ieada that cyelosporiasis was exceedingiy rare in North Anerican and that such was ats13 unknowa about this disease. loesly and In Texas Cyclasporiasis is caused by the After reading the article, review it to find answers to the "Hint" questions below. Then, use the information that you gathered from the article to suggest so to the case study questions. lutions (I point each) Hint questions: 1. What is the incubation period for cyclosporiasis? 2. How is cyclosporiasis transmitted?Explanation / Answer
1) Cyclospora spread through ingestion of something that has been contaminated with stool containing the parasite which is through the fecal-oral route.
Cyclospora needs days or weeks to become infectious as the parasite which is passed in the stool as an oocyst will change forms and sporulate to become infectious.
Therefore, food or water contaminated with
unsporulated oocysts before consumption will not cause infection. Direct person-to-person spread is unlikely.
2) Exposure of the parasite to temp less than –20ºC for 24 hrs or above 60ºC for 1 hr inactivates the oocysts. There are no outbreaks associated with cooked or commercially frozen foods.
By investigating the source cyclosporiasis, public health officials focus on food, water, or beverages that were consumed by the three men approx 1 incubation period which is about 7 days. Officials focus on uncooked foods and unfrozen foods such as fresh foods as cooking and freezing inactivate the parasite.
As all three men had onset of symptoms around the same time so it is not possible that one of the men was the source of infection for the others.
3) The onset of symptoms among 3 men was reported to be May 16-18. As incubation period for cyclosporiasis (i.e., 7 days ), the period of exposure for the 3 men was about
May 9-11 which is around the time they were in Texas). If they shared no other common exposures such as meals on airlines, drinks at airport lounges around that time period. It is very likely that they became infected with cyclosporiasis in Texas.
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