MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or

Question

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question 1) In translation, mRNAs are read in the direction, and polypeptide chains are synthesized from the ends. A) 3' to 5'; amino to the carboxyl C) 5' to 3'; carboxyl to the amino B) 3' to 5'; carboxyl to the amino D) 5' to 3'; amino to the carboxyl 2) What is the main function of the large ribosomal subunit? 2) A) Catalyze the formation of a peptide bond B) Hold the tRNAs in the E, P, and A sites C) Move along the mRNA to stay "in frame" D) Serve as the "decoding center" matching codon with anticodon 3) 3) During initiation of Translation, prokaryotic ribosomes recognize and bind to the of the mRNA, while eukaryotic ribosomes recognize and bind to the of the mRNA A) Shine-Delgarno sequence; Kozak sequence B) 3' end; 3' end C) Kozak sequence; 5' cap D) 5' cap; 5" cap E) Shine-Delgarno sequence; 5' cap 4) 4) The first step in the initiation of protein synthesis is the binding of to the A) the initiator tRNA; initiation codon B) the small ribosomal subunit; initiation codon C) initiation factors; small ribosomal subunit D) initiation factors; initiation codon 5) True or False: Enzymes are activated by phosphorylation and deactivated by 5) dephosphorylation. Explain your answer below. A) True B) False 6) True or False: Chaperones determine the folded conformation of many protcins. Explain 6) your answer below. A) True B) False

Explanation / Answer

1.

In translation, mRNAs are read in the 5’ to 3’ direction, and polypeptide chains are synthesized from the amino to carboxyl ends.

Option d is the correct answer.

2.

The function of large subunit of ribosome is to perform peptidyl transferase activity.

It catalyzes the formation of peptide bond.

Option a is the answer

3.

During initiation of translation, prokaryotic ribosomes recognize and bind to the shine dalgarno sequence of the mRNA, while eukaryotic ribosomes recognize and bind to the 5’ cap.

Option e is the answer.

4.

The first step in the initiation of protein synthesis is the binding of the small ribosomal unit to the initiation codon.

Option b is the answer.

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