• Explain how intracellular receptors differ from membrane receptors in terms of
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Question
• Explain how intracellular receptors differ from membrane receptors in terms of mechanism of action and downstream results.
• Endocytosis transports macromolecules, large particles, and small cells into eukaryotic cells through engulfment by the cell membrane. Phagocytosis and pinocytosis perform distinct functions.
• Describe the roles of receptor antagonists (e.g., caffeine) on the actions of signaling molecules
n ~| 100% | Normal text | Arial Secondary active transport couples the passive movement of one solute down its concentration gradient to the movement of another solute against its concentration gradient. ·The sodium-potassium ATPase plays a special role in establishing sodium and potassium gradients that are important for the cell's membrane potential and secondary active transport. . Endocytosis transports macromolecules, large particles, and small cells into eukaryotic cells through engulfment by the cell membrane. Phagocytosis and pinocytosis perform distinct functions. . Exocytosis secretes materials in vesicles from the cell by causing the vesicles to fuse with the cell membrane. . Receptor-mediated endocytosis uses clathrin-coated pits and associated receptor proteins to transport specific materials into cellsExplanation / Answer
(1)Membrane receptors are located in the membrane, mostly bind to molecules that cannot cross it, and relay the signal to the cell interior by changing shape or acting as ion channels letting ions move into the cell causing depolarization.
Intracellular receptors are located within a cell and bind to small or lipophilic molecules such as steroid hormones that cross directly through the membrane. One important family of intracellular receptors are the nuclear receptors upon binding to the ligand they recruit transcription factors to affect gene expression.
Mode of signal transduction is much faster in case of intracellular receptors compared to membrane receptors.
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