Please answer all questions fully and explain 1.Are all enzymes sensitive to the

Question

Please answer all questions fully and explain

1.Are all enzymes sensitive to the concentration of their substrates? Why or why not?

2.What are allosteric effectors?

3.What are the general ways in which hormones can act on different cells?

4.In the end, is the ATP investment in the preparatory phase “worth it”? Why or why not?

5.What situations would require Gluconeogenesis?

6.What are the various precursors that can lead to the synthesis of glucose via Gluconeogenesis?

7.Differences and similarities between the reactions of Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis

8.Which steps of Gluconeogenesis require an energy input?

9.What is the net energy usage of Gluconeogenesis?

10.Where do the reactions occur in the cell? Where in the body?

Explanation / Answer

1). Enzymes exist in specific conformations with the grooves or pockets. These grooves are formed by the lines of specific amino acids.

Lock and key model of enzyme catalysis hypothesize that the substrate possesses a specific geometrical shape that exactly fits into the groove of the enzyme. Means, the substrate structure is complementary to the active site of an enzyme. Once the substrate binds to the enzyme, it forms temporary bonds and fit into the groove. The enzyme-substrate complex now triggers a specific reaction and results in the formation of a product. So, all the enzymes can be particularly sensitive towards their substrates.

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