3. Based on the attached data table/plot, what happens to AP as the size of an o
ID: 2087756 • Letter: 3
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3. Based on the attached data table/plot, what happens to AP as the size of an orifice is decreased? ORIFICE SIZE FLOW PRESSURE PRESSUREDELTAP GAGE A GAGE B (GAGE A- GAGE B) (no. of turms) (gpm/lpm)(psi/kPa (pikPa)(psikPa) RATE 350 40/276 40/276 40/276 40/276 OV0 0V0 OV0 0V0 250 Wide open 2.25/8.55 150/1035 110/759 2.1/8.0340/2346 2.0/7.6 2.0/7.6 1.8/6.8 1.6/6.1 300/2070 150 100 S0 5-3/4 360/2484 6 410/2829 420/2898 6.75 6.5 6.25 6 5.75 5.5 open # of turns from fully open 6-3/4 1.25/4.75 450/3105 450/3105 1.00/3.8 460/3174 460/3174 Orifice is at its smallest size at 7' (LHS of x axis) while it is at its largest at 'open'.Explanation / Answer
A orifice is a small opening or hole. As size of orifice decreases ,the restriction to the flow increases and it creates a back pressure.,so that pressure difference decreases (delta P). This can also be explained as
by continuity equation : A1.V1=A2.V2 where A1 is a pipe diameter and A2 is a orifice diameter. From A1 to A2,area decreases so above equation as A2 decreases V2 increases.
By Bernoulli equation, to maintain constant total energy, as velocity head increases pressure head get reduced.
So as area of decreases ,delta P also decreases due to increases of eddy region (turbulent loss).
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