11. In mammalian systems the flow of blood is: A. Unidirectional B. Bidirectiona
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11. In mammalian systems the flow of blood is: A. Unidirectional B. Bidirectional C. Pressure driven D. Volume driven E. A and C are true taeullary necino a kidney of a sample animal. He notices that the animal has a particularly large proportionof ron.On closer inspection, the juxta-medullary nephrons have a particularly large loop of Henle 12. A scientist is dissecting juxta-medullary nephrons. On that descend deep int A. The animal lives he animal the renal medulla. Based on your knowledge of the function of the loop of Henle what can you in a desert or another arid region and is adapted to water conservation. deduce about the type of environment this animal livesi nimal is likely a freshwater fish and is adapted to excreting large amounts of water in its urine. C. T D. The anim E. You cannot lives in a tropical rain forest or another humid environment and water conservation is not a problem. al is likely a saltwater fish, which has to work hard to remove water from its body. infer anything about the type of the environment the animal lives in based on the structure of the nephron. 13. The unidirectional flow of blood in the systemic circulation is due to which of the following A. B. C. Venous valves Compression of the veins by the calf muscles Relaxation of the veins by the calf muscles D. E. A and B A and C 14. Damaged plants, as from an herbivore attack, release volatile compounds that A. B. C. D. E. repair plant tissues attract predators and parasites of the attacker signal nearby plants to start their own defense processes cause the plants to bend away from attackers B and C 15. Which of the following is correct for a blood pressure reading of 115/74? i. The systolic pressure is 115, ili. The diastolic pressure is 74 ii. The blood pressure during ventricular contraction is 74 iv. The blood pressure during ventricular relaxation is 74 A. I only B. IlI only C. I and Il only D. I, Il and Ill only E. I, Il and IV only 16. Damage to the sinoatrial node in humans A would block conductance between the bundle branches and the Purkinje fibers. B. would have a negative effect on peripheral resistance C. would disrupt the rate and timing of cardiac muscle contractions D. would have a direct effect on blood pressure monitors in the aortaExplanation / Answer
11. OPTION E is correct because blood flow is unidirectional due to the presence of four types of valves in the heart which are tricuspid valve(between right atrium amd right ventricle), bicuspid valve(between left atrium and left ventricle),pulmonary valve(between right ventricle and pulmonary artery) and aortic valve(between left ventricle and aorta) .these 4 valves prevents backflow of blood and also blood flows under great pressure once it is pumped out of heart in order to reach each and every tissue of our body.
12 OPTION A is correct because Desert animals have a long loop of henle as an adaptation to dry climate. They recover water and sodium ions from urine.
13. OPTION A is correct because Blood passes through atrium to all body parts after getting oxygenated and the venous valves prevents back flow of blood.
14. OPTION E is correct because they released HIPVS or herbivore induced plant volatiles are released from plant tissues after herbivore attack into atmosphere or into the soil from roots that act as deterrets to the plants. Abd also help neighbouring plants to mediate their defence mechanisms against the herbivores.
15. OPTION E is correct because 115 is the systolic pressure. And 74 is diastolic pressure because syatolic pressure takes place when the atrium are contracting.and the ventricles are relaxing
16. OPTION A is correct because Sinu atrial node present between superior vena cava and Atrioventricular node is the place where impulse for heart beat originates which is further carried to all the four chambers of the heart by the bundle of his leads to purkinje fibres that carries the impulse to ventricles causing contraction of cardiac muscle in ventricle
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