In vivo , epithelial cells exhibit basolateral and apical surfaces. The tight ju

Question

In vivo, epithelial cells exhibit basolateral and apical surfaces. The tight junctional complex separates these two distinct cell surfaces from each other and joins the cells into an epithelial cell layer. In vivo cells showing such properties are resistant to ion flow across the cell layer. In vitro, many cultured epithelial cell systems show high electrical resistance but fail to exhibit a polarized distribution of proteins and lipids between the apical and basolateral surfaces. Present a working hypothesis to explain this outcome. In vivo, epithelial cells exhibit basolateral and apical surfaces. The tight junctional complex separates these two distinct cell surfaces from each other and joins the cells into an epithelial cell layer. In vivo cells showing such properties are resistant to ion flow across the cell layer. In vitro, many cultured epithelial cell systems show high electrical resistance but fail to exhibit a polarized distribution of proteins and lipids between the apical and basolateral surfaces. Present a working hypothesis to explain this outcome.

Explanation / Answer

In invivo system there is Epithelial–mesenchymal transitions (EMTs).This is a mechanism for reorganizing germ layers and tissues during embryonic development. They possess the morphogenic functionas well as patterning function to shape the embryo and in bringing about new juxtapositions of tissues respectively. This led to the further inductive patterning events to occur.

But in case of invitro there is absence of such bifunctional behavior and transition mechanism. The invitro cells hence fail to exhibit a polarized distribution of proteins and lipids between the apical and basolateral surfaces due to absence of patterning function.

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