NADPH is used during reductive metabolism. How is the hydrolysis of ATP coupled
ID: 205403 • Letter: N
Question
NADPH is used during reductive metabolism.
How is the hydrolysis of ATP coupled to reactions? What phosphate groups in ATP are used in energy coupling reactions and what phosphate group is not used? Why is the unused group not appropriate substrate for energy metabolism?
What are the two major modes of glycolysis and what is the purpose of each mode?
What are the major products of the TCA cycle and how are these products used?
What is the difference between electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation? How does a proton gradient drive synthesis of ATP?
Explanation / Answer
Couple the exergonic reaction of ATP hydrolysis with endergonic reactions. Gamma phosphate used in energy coupling reaction present in outermost of adenine. Alpha phosphate not involved in coupling process.
Glycolysis - Energy investment phase - ATP used to arrest the glucose inside the cell bu glucose 6 phosphate.
Splitting pgase and energy generation phase - 6 carbon molecule split into two, three carbon molecule. Then generate the energy in the form of NADH and ATP.
The major products of TCA cycle are -ketoglutarate and oxaloacetate in the synthesis of several amino acids.
Succinyl coenzyme A is utilized in the synthesis of porphyrin rings
ETC is a component of oxidative phosphorylation.
Consumes NADPH and FADH2
Electron transport through complex I, II, III and IV.
O2 serves as an electron acceptor, so the electron transport chain drives O2 consumption
Oxidative phosphorylation generates ATP from ETC.
Complex I, III and IV pumps proton.
ATP synthetase is the final step and genertae ATP from proton motive force.
Proton moves from intermembrane space to matrix of mitrochondria through Fo of ATP synthetase makes rotation of F1 region of synthetase leads to formation of ATP.
NADPH is used almost exclusively for reductive biosyntheses of pentose phosphate. It is a anabolic pathway.
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