Define the following terms Trait,hybrid,generation,dominant trait, recessive tra
ID: 204801 • Letter: D
Question
Define the following terms Trait,hybrid,generation,dominant trait, recessive trait,genotype,phenotype,homozygous,heterozygous,incomplete dominant,codominance,character,allele,Punnett square,probability,pedigree,genetic disorder,polygenic character,linked. Define the following terms Trait,hybrid,generation,dominant trait, recessive trait,genotype,phenotype,homozygous,heterozygous,incomplete dominant,codominance,character,allele,Punnett square,probability,pedigree,genetic disorder,polygenic character,linked. Trait,hybrid,generation,dominant trait, recessive trait,genotype,phenotype,homozygous,heterozygous,incomplete dominant,codominance,character,allele,Punnett square,probability,pedigree,genetic disorder,polygenic character,linked.Explanation / Answer
1. Trait is distinct variant of a phenotypic character. For example flower color is a character and it has two traits(for pea plant) that is white and violet.
2. When two organisms of different breed/variety/species are cross breeded then we get a hybrid.
3. A generation is a stage that represents all the offsprings that are from common ancestor.
4. In heterozygous condtion only one allele expresses itself by suppressing other allele. The trait that is expressed is known as dominant trait and the trait is suppressed is known as recessive trait.
Genotype represents the genetic Constitution of a trait or organism.
Phenotype refers to external appearance or morphology of specific trait under study.
Homozygous - when both members of allelic pair are similar, the condition is called homozygous. Example - tt means homozygous dwarf plant.
Heterozygous - A condition in which the 2 members ofallelic pair are dissimilar.
Incomplete dominance - when the F1 generation have a phenotype that does not resemble either of two parents and is in between two then it is known as incomplete dominance. For example in snapdragon plant when one parent is white and another parent is red then we get pink plants as offsprings. This shows incomplete dominance.
Co dominance- in case of co dominance the F1 generation resembles both the parents.
Character- A character is an observable feature of organism. For example- flower color is a character in pea plant and it has 2 traits for it.
Allele- the various forms of a gene. For example the plant height has two alleles. T means tallness and t means dwarfness.
Punett square- It is graphical representation of all possible offsprings of a cross in which the male gametes are represented on upper side and female gametes on left side of the square shaped box.
Probability- probability is the chances of occurring an event. It is used to predict the phenotype and genotype of the offsprings.
Pedigree- pedigree is analysis of traits in a several of generations of a family.
Genetic disorder - genetic disorders are the disorders that can be inherited from one generation to another.
Polygenic character - the traits that are contolled by more than 2 genes are known as polygenic character.For example height of human is polygenic character . It means in humans short and tall are not the only two possible traits instead whole range of heights are present .
Linked- some genes are located closely to each other on a chromosome and such genes are known as linked genes.
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