1. Experiment Design: Your friend Bob hypothesizes that the way electric circuit
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Question
1. Experiment Design: Your friend Bob hypothesizes that the way electric circuits work is the following: Positive charges flow out of the + side of the battery while negative charges flow out of the side of the battery. They flow in opposite directions through the wire until they meet at the light bulb. When they reach the light bulb, the and - charges annihilate each other, creating light in the process. Describe a testing experiment you could design to convince Bob his hypothesis is wrong. In addition to clearly describing the experiment, predict how the experiment would turn out if Bob's hypothesis were true.Explanation / Answer
Ans:- We know that current flows from the +ve point of a source passing through the load( like bulb) to the -ve point of a source. and the electron flow from the -ve point of a source passing through the load to the + ve point of a source. for example when we used with vacuum tubes or light bulb & gas discharge devices, so we are identify exactly which carrying the charge and direction of the charge is moving.
As per Kirchoff's laws, we can assume the directions of the +ve & -ve charge for current.Kirchoff's 1st rule the circuit junction the total sum of the currents passing in to a junction point is totally equal to the sum leaving the junction. Kirchoff's 2nd rule the loop rule is depending on all potential differences are adding around a fully complete loop is equal to zero.
so as per Bob hypothesize is not possible to flow the +ve charge to positive direction & -ve charge to positive direction. so as Bob hypothesize they flow in opposite direction through the wire until they meet at the light bulb. when they reach the light bulb the + & - charges annihilate each other , creating light in the process. not the bulb produce light . when electricity passing through wire in the light bulb some time is called filament. so a result the filament of the bulb heats up and starts glowing, so main reason is that of the Joule-effect, that is means the resistances heat up. Because resistance resist the electron flow as well as charge. so that bulb produce light.
we are explain other way. In a bulb glass of the light bulb is in very fine thin wire some time is called filament. almost create a vacuum from the bulb and inject in oxygen-free gas like inert gas (as per periodic table inert gas is fulfill outer orbit that gas didn’t ionized) to stop the filament from oxidizing means (burning up). so that it gets hot and glows the filament. so that bob Bob hypothesize wrong
Suppose if we are predict the Bob hypothesize true. If potential difference is main responsible for the flow of a current as per hypothesize flow +ve charge flow from out of +ve side of battery & -ve charge flow from out of -ve side of battery. so it mean no potential difference is zero so bulb is not produce the light. it only produce the light when a bulb glow the one terminal point connected to a positive side of a battery and the other -ve side of battery so our circuit is complete.
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