1. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins,

Question

1. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins, and can produce peptic ulcers. What function is normally ascribed to endogenous prostaglandins in the gut? __________________ Why is that prostaglandin synthesis inhibition can lead to the development of gastric ulcers? _________________________

2. Pernicious anemia is an autoimmune disease that leads to the destruction of parietal cells. How does the loss of these cells lead to ECL (enterochromafin-like) cells hyperplasia? ________________________ Describe the likely steps in this pathophysiological process. ____________________

Explanation / Answer

1. What function is normally ascribed to endogenous prostaglandins in the gut?

The endogenous prostaglandin in the gut modulates acid secretion by blocking histamine stimulated increase in cyclic AMP within the parental cells.

Why is that prostaglandin synthesis inhibition can lead to the development of gastric ulcers?

The function of endogenous prostaglandin is controlled by intramural pH. It is likely that mucus and bicarbonate secretion by both stomach and duodenum are influenced by endogenous prostaglandins. Also, the prostaglandins serve defensive function in trivial injury. Thus, the inhibition of prostaglandins lead to the formation of acidic pH which results into the development of the gastric ulcers.

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