11. How does fishing pressure affect the average size of individuals in a popula
ID: 202758 • Letter: 1
Question
11. How does fishing pressure affect the average size of individuals in a population? In a community? Why? 12. What does the term "fishing down the food web' refer to? How might this practice impact sea birds and marine mammals that are not exploited? 13. Name a keystone species in the Chesapeake Bay and discuss how ocean acidification may be detrimental throughout its life cycle and population growth 14. Oil pollution has been recognized as a majo threat to marine life. What are the effects of oil on fish? On benthic invertebrates or flora?Explanation / Answer
ANSWER:
11) Good fishing enhances the fishing pressure by increasing demand, which if surpases supply, quite restrains the population in a community. This creates a fishing pressure that may adversely affect the growth and reproducibility as well. Overfishing results in reduced growth and reduction in fish population as well.
12) fishing down the food web, means the upper tropic level fish are being depleted and only lower small fishes are left. This is affecting aquatic mammals and sea birds and is also affecting the marine ecosystem. Also these non target species are held caught in the modern dangerous fishing techniques and even some endangered species are killed.
13) oysters. Oysters fail to build their hard calcium rich outer covering called as shells, in presence of acidic water which causes reduction in their survival rates and also affects their population and growth.
14) Oil is non soluble in water and forms a thick layer of sludge over the water surfaces, this blocks the oxygen supply and prevents the entry of oxygen into the water and thus the marine life including invertebrates and flora gets suffocated and dies due to lack of air supply. Also these oil spills contain toxic substances which are highly poisonous and may kill the marine living beings underneath.
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