Answer the following questions using your text and lecture notes; this is a grea

Question

Answer the following questions using your text and lecture notes; this is a great review for the upcoming exam Please check Blackboard "Announcements" for the due date. Have fun 1. List at least 2 key figures, besides Charles Darwin, that we discussed, who contributed to the history and development of our understanding of evolution. 2. What were the main ideas, observations or points of Darwin's book "On the Origin of Species. How did these ideas contribute to modern evolutionary knowledge? otus minidea 3. Recall one example of adaptation that we discussed (hint, all the different plants and animals we looked at and talked about) in a population; what organism was it? What was the adaptation? hat are the primary mechanisms of evolution? (We talked about four; list and discuss) Give an example for one of the mechanisms to demonstrate your understanding of this. from the notes or chapter, or one you come up with. t can be one

Explanation / Answer

1. Theodosius Dobzhansky, J B S Haldane, Lamarck

2. Focused on diversity of organisms, causes of variability, Struggle for existence, Natural selection, laws of variation etc.

Darwin provided ample ecological explanations for the survival of fittest and framed his reasoning within the concepts of what he called the economy of nature. He also provided proximate explanations about natural variability. Darwin described a pattern: life has always been changing,and still is. He proposed survival of fittest. His ideas were contributed for modern evolutionary knowledge.

3. Industrial melanism- peppered moth

This is a classic case of adaptation that took place in Britain isles involving the moth species Biston betularia. The coloring of the peppered moth, so called for its dark mottling, allows it to rest during the day undetected by predators on lichen covered trees. During the 19th century, however, in areas where severe air pollution killed off the lichen, solid black peppered moths stood out against the tree bark and fell prey to birds. Individual moths with darker coloration were more apt to survive and pass on that trait, evolving eventually into the solid black form. The whole process is called as camocamouflage and mimicry best example of adaptation.

4. Four primary mechanisms of evolution are

a) mutation b) migration c) genetic drift d) natural selection

Genetic drift: This is defined as change in allele frequencies in a population from generation to generation that occurs due to chance events. The founder effect is a good example of genetic drift that occurs when a small group of individuals breaks off from a larger population to establish a colony. The new colony is isolated from the original population, and the founding individuals may not represent the full genetic diversity of the original population. That is alleles in founding population may present at different frequencies that in the original population and some alleles may be missing altogether. This is what we call founder effect.

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