An x-ray tube is powered by a high-voltage supply that delivers 570 W to the tub

Question

An x-ray tube is powered by a high-voltage supply that delivers 570 W to the tube. The tube converts 1 % of this power into x rays of wavelength 0.045 nm.

Approximately how many x-ray photons are emitted per second?

If a 75 kg technician is accidentally exposed to the full power of the x-ray beam for 1.0 second, what dose equivalent in Sv (units) does he receive? Assume that the x-ray energy is distributed over the body, and that 80 % of the energy is absorbed.

Any help would be greatly appreciated!

Explanation / Answer

Power suppilied by x- ray tube   P = 570 W wave length of emitted x ray   = 0.045 nm energy of emitted x - ray              E = h c /   Here   h is plancks constant   ( 6.635 *10-34 Js )              c is speed of light   ( 3 *10 8 m/s ) there fore   E = ( 6.635*10-34 Js ) ( 3*108 m/s ) / ( 0.045 *10-9 m )                       = 4.4233*10-15 J x - rays emitted per second is                 n = P   / E                     = 570 /  4.4233*10-15 J                        = 1.2887*1017 x - rays _________________________________________________ mass of person m = 75 kg power of x - ray beam    P = 570 W technician is accidentally exposed to the full power of the x-ray beam for 1.0 second     80 % of the energy is absorbed.
                       E = 570 * 0.08                            =     45.6 J           effective dose in sivert is                        = dose ( Gy ) * QF     Quality factor of x- rays   is   1             1 Gy = 1 J / kg         in Sv (units) does he receive is                           = ( 45.6 / 75 ) ( 1 )                           = 0.608 Sv

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