5. When a plant identified as moss is observed, what generation of the moss life
ID: 195726 • Letter: 5
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5. When a plant identified as moss is observed, what generation of the moss life cycle is it? 6. What kind of gamete is produced by moss antheridia? 7. Do the rhizoids that anchor moss in the soil contain vascular tissue? 8. How are mosses dispersed to new locations? 9. Do seedless vascular plants have dominant sporophytes or gametophytes? 10. Which generation in the life cycle of fems lacks vascular tissue? 11. Are fern zygotes dispersed to new locations? 12. Do fern roots and rhizomes contain vascular tissue? 13. What are the brownish clumps on the underside of a ferm frond called? 14. What structure produces eggs in the life cycle of ferns?Explanation / Answer
5 The leafy moss plant represents the gametophyte generation of that plant. It is haploid in nature. All the cells of the gametophyte possess single set of chromosomes. The gametophyte produces the organs, in which the gametes/the reproductive cells are formed. Archegonia form the egg cells, while antheridia form the spermatozoids.
6 Gametophytic plants produce antheridia (the male reproductive organs) that produce sperm by mitosis. Sperm (haploid) released by the mature antheridia fuses with the egg produced by archaegonium to form the zygote which later on develops into sporrophytes.
7 Rhizoid is a short root like structure attached to the gametophytic plant. It anchors the plant body to the substratum and is capable of absorbing nutrients and water. The structure consists of elongated cells. They lack vascular tissue.
8 The spores released from breakdown of capsule present on the sporophyte, get dispersed to areas and each (single) spore germinates to form a branched, filamentous protonema which develops into leafy gametophyte.
9 Seedless vascular plants also possess a gametophyte and sporophyte. The life cycle of these plants show two phases- a diploid sporophyte phase and a haploid gametophyte phase. These plants reproduce via unicellular, haploid spores, though seeds are not produced.
10 The vascular tissues are present in the stems, roots and leaves of mature fern saprophyte plant. The vascular tissues is arranged in the form of stele or cylinders they are formed when vascular strands get interconnected and several distinct bundles are seen in a cross section. Both xylem and phloem are present in the vascular bundles. Spores produced on sporangia contained in a sori lack vasculature. The gametophytic plant produced also lacks vasculature.
11 The fern zygotes cannot spread to new locations but undergoes cell divisions to form the embryo, which later on develops into an independent plant.
12 Roots and rhizome of ferns contain some amount of vascular tissue. Both xylem and phloem tissue is present near the pith region. The vascular tissues is arranged in the form of stele or cylinders they are formed when vascular strands get interconnected and several distinct bundles are seen in a cross section. Both xylem and phloem are present in the vascular bundles.
13 Sorus (Sori) bearing cluster of sporangia – spore containing structures are present in ferns. These appear as yellowish or brownish mass on the underside of frond. They are produced on the plant sprorophyte. On maturity the outer covering called indusium shrivels so that sporangia bursts and release the spores.
14 Eggs are produced in the structure called archaegonia, the female gametophyte produced in the prothallus of fen plant.
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