Therapeutic proteins 1) Antibodies a) b) On the IgG structure, where does an ant
ID: 193252 • Letter: T
Question
Therapeutic proteins 1) Antibodies a) b) On the IgG structure, where does an antigen bind? How can 'standard' (i.e., not conjugated) antibodies be used as therapeutics? Understand: i) Modulating host immune response (don't memorize the acronyms) i) Blocking receptors or ligands Why are chimeric and humanized antibodies needed? i) Why are only the variable regions from a mouse antibody needed? How does a ScFv accelerate antibody discovery? Antibodies as delivery systems i) c) d) e) What is a prodrug, and how can engineered antibodies direct their activity? 2) Glycosylation a) Why does glycosylation limit how we can produce antibodies? b) What is the major issue with glycans from microbial sources? 3) Other therapeutic proteins a) Why do modifications like PEG and HSA improve drug function?Explanation / Answer
A. Variable region
C. chimerization and humanized antibody are important and powerful to reduces immunogenicity when injected
into a different species. Chimerization or humanization is to convert a mouse monoclonal antibody into
a therapeutic antibody candidate for human use.
C.1. Chimeric antibodies containing human constant domains and mouse variable domains are substantially cheaper than fully humanized antibodies. Also reduces immunogenicity.
D. scFv is used to study the binding kinetics and epitope binding at high quality kinetic data directly from
bacterial supes enabling thousands of clones to be screened in just days.
E. Prodrug is not a active drug untill in the outside. When it is ingested undergo chemical conversion by metabolic processes before becoming an active drug. The engineered antibody has a capacity to catalyzed a prodrug and activate it.
2. Glycosylation is a post-translational modification and has a important role in antibody effector function. Deglycosylated antibodies. Changes in a product's glycosylation pattern may significantly alter its intrinsic
properties and stability.
B. Glycans from microbial sources may form glycosylation with antibody and alter the stability of the antibody and its function.
3. Biocompatibility - Surface addition of PEG and HSA are hydrophilic polymers increases in vivo compatibility. It binds with drug and increase the drug function at longer duration.
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