6:23 AM metrostate-bb.blackboard.com AT&T; LTE 97%- open Case Study 1 here Case
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6:23 AM metrostate-bb.blackboard.com AT&T; LTE 97%- open Case Study 1 here Case Study 1 Due on February 8, 2018 20pts. Case Study 1: The case of Michael Myers near death in infancy as result of a bacterial infection. Michael Myers was born after 38 weeks gestation. He remained in the nursery for 3 days, with no complications. After the 3 days, he was discharged and sent home. After 2 weeks, during which he fed and grew well, his mother noticed a slight redness around the stump of his umbilical cord. She didn't think much of it at first, but after 24 hours the redness had spread and the umbilical area had become hard and swollen. Michael became irritable, refused to eat, and developed a fever (38.7°C) His mother took him to the pediatrician, who diagnosed Michael with an infection of the umbilical stump and referred him for treatment at the nearest emergency room. On arrival, Michael was lethargic. His temperature was 40.2 C and his heart rate was above 180 beats per minute. His breathing was fast and shallow and his blood pressure was low. The emergency room team immediately treated Michael with fluids and broad-spectrum antibiotics. A complete blood count was also performed and revealed severe neutropenia (severely reduced number of neutrophils). The antibiotics resolved the infection overall however, his neutrophil count remained low and the physicians wondered if the neutropenia was a result of the microbes targeting the neutrophils, or if the neutropenia was a result of congenital neutropenia. The physicians treated Michael with recombinant human granulocyte the development and differentiation of neutrophils. As a result of the G-CSF treatment, Michael's neutrophil count increased and he fully cleared the bacterial infection. Upon resolution of the infection, the G-CSF treatment was ended. Michael's neutrophil count once again became reduced. factor (G-CSF), a cytokine that typically results in Questions: 1. Is the neutropenia a congenital effect? Or, is it from the bacterial presence? What 2. Is it normal to observe a severely reduced number of neutrophils during the initial 3. How are neutrophils beneficial in immune response? aspects of the case study made you come to this conclusion? stages of a bacterial infection? 4. Michael responded to the GCSF treatment; however, following its end, he reverted to the low level of neutrophils. What does this mean for the future treatments of MichaelExplanation / Answer
Answer 1. In the given case study, neutropenia is a congenital effect. It has been clearly mentioned in the last paragraph that neutropenia reoccured after G-CSF treatment is ended. Also, there is no role of bacterial infection as antibiotics have cleared the infection and no reoccurrence is observed.
Answer 2.Yes, it is normal to see a reduction in the number of neutrophils during bacterial infection. The reason is during bacterial infection, neutrophils are targeted by bacteria which leads to reduction in their number.
Answer 3. Once the immune system recognises an infection, neutrophils start migration to the infection site. They engulf microorganisms and release digestive enzymes that degrades the microbes.
Answer 4. The observation reveals that Michael has congenital neutropenia i. e. a birth defect for low neutrophils content in the body. The G-CSF treatment allows production of neutrophils in the body which helped Michael to recover. The reoccurrence of problem after finishing G-CSF treatment indicates that he need to take treatment for a longer period of time or may be lifetime.
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