List the 5 basic components each replication fork requires. A. _________________

Question

List the 5 basic components each replication fork requires.

A. _______________________________________________________________________________________________

B. _______________________________________________________________________________________________

C. _______________________________________________________________________________________________

D. _______________________________________________________________________________________________

E. _______________________________________________________________________________________________

Explanation / Answer

Ans. The five basic components of replication fork are-

A. DNA polymerase holoenzyme: It is the major replicative enzymes. These enzymes synthesize complementary DNA strands using the template DNA strands.

B. Helicase: (a type of topoisomerase II) helicase unwinds the helix while proceeding in 5’3’ direction along the lagging strand.

C. DNA primase or simply primase, (a DNA dependent RNA polymerase) bind to both single strands and synthesizes a short length RNA oligonucleotide (RNA primer) onto each strand in 5’3’ direction.

D. SSBP: Single strand binding proteins binds to the single stranded template strand. They prevent the single stranded strands from re-annealing as well as from the activity of nucleases.

E. RNA primers: DNA polymerase can’t synthesize new DNA strands on their own, they only extend a previously synthesised RNA primer by primase. Without RNA primer, replication can’t occur. RNA primers are required to be synthesized on the lagging strand much frequently than that on leading strand.

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