Ls4203_class test_2017 please answer only question no.8. (5marks) Class Test, LS

Question

Ls4203_class test_2017
please answer only question no.8. (5marks)

Class Test, LS4203, Full marks: 15, Time: 3:05 PM to 3:50 PM, Answer any three Liver contain both Hexokinase and Glucokinase: catalyze reaction (ie, glucose + ATP glucose-6-phosphate ADP). Describe how glucokinase and hexokinase regulate blood glucose homeostasis? How activity of hexokinase and glucokinase is regulated? 3+2 5 6. If only three protons are required to power the FoF ATP synthase to produce one molecule of ATP, explain why does the text book say that four protons are required for the synthesis of one molecule of ATP? Explain how dinitrophenol functions as a chemical uncoupler of the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation. Discuss the possibility for dinitrophenol, can be used as a drug for weight loss. 2+1+2-5 7. Discuss catabolism of lactose in aerobic condition. What is the function of Phosphprylase? How its activity is regulated? 2+1+2-5 8. Discuss the fates of pyruvate in yeast under anaerobic condition. What are the roles of 0 mitochondria in gluneogenesis? What are the roles of fermentation in aerobic organisms? 2+1 +2=5

Explanation / Answer

Under the anarobic condition, yeast converts pyruvate into ethanol. It is a two-step reaction catalyzed by pyruvate decarboxylase and alcohol dehydrogenase.In the first step, pyruvate is converted into acetaldehyde which then subsequently converted to ethanol.Each molecule of pyruvate generates one CO2 and one NAD+.

Mitochondria provide two important substrates for gluconeogenesis named " malate and oxaloacetate" which during gluconeogenesis converted into phosphoenolpyruvate.

There are the following role of Fermentation in aerobic organism

1) fermentation produce lactic acid in aerobic orgamisms, which drives out competitor bacteria that are not adapted to the acidic environment.

2)Fermentation help to release additional energy for the survival of aerobic organism when oxygen supply is limited.

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