1. The technique of destroying all microbial life forms, including bacterial spo
ID: 189813 • Letter: 1
Question
1. The technique of destroying all microbial life forms, including bacterial spores, from inanimate objects is
-Antisepsis.
-Disinfection.
-Sterilization.
-Decontamination.
-Degerming.
2. Antimicrobials that act against a wide range of microbes are
-Open ended
-Narrow-spectrum drugs.
-Natural drugs.
-Synthetic drugs.
-Broad-spectrum drugs
3. An ideal antimicrobial drug must have the important feature of
-Low toxicity for human tissues.
-High toxicity against microbial cells.
-Do not cause serious side effects in humans.
-Stable and soluble in body tissues and fluids.
-All of the choices are correct.
4. Each of the following is the target of antimicrobial agents except
-Cell walls.
-Cell membranes.
-Ribosomes.
-Cellular proteins.
-Cytoplasm.
5. When an organism is placed at 4°C , the form of control is
-Bactericidal.
-Bacteriostatic.
-Decontamination.
-Sterilization.
-All the choices are correct.
6. Serological testing depends on
-The specificity of the Fc region of antibodies.
-The specificity of the variable regions of antibodies*.
-A patient who is not immunocompromised.
-Very high microbial load in the patient.
-All the choices are correct.
7. The Western blot test is confirmatory for HIV because
-It is more sensitive than the ELISA.
-It has fewer false positives than the ELISA.
-It tests for more HIV antibodies than ELISA.
-It is easier to interpret than ELISA.
-All of the choices are correct.
8. The method of removing vegetative life forms from living surfaces is termed ________
9. _______ antigens are detected in precipitation
10. ____________ refers to damage to the target organisms but not host cells.
11. __________ is the most effective instrument for pressure-temperature sterilization.
12. The use of a drug to prevent a person at risk of an imminent infection is called _________
13. Which concentration of alcohol is deemed most effective in alcohol-based hand cleaners?
14. Which test is the confirming test for people who initially tested antibody-positive in the screening ELISA test for HIV?
15. A cleansing method that mechanically removes microbes and other debris to reduce contamination is _________
16. The shortest time required to kill all the microbes in a sample at a specified temperature is called the __________
17. Substances that are naturally produced by certain microorganisms that can inhibit or destroy other microorganisms are called __________
18. What type of test will detect whole antigens?
19. Which test is used to confirm scarlet fever?
20. Dry heat is less efficient than moist heat.
-True
-False
21. When antibodies or other substances in serum cross-react with the test reagents, a false positive result can occur.
-True
-False
22. Bacterial endospores have the highest resistance to physical and chemical controls.
-True
- False
23. Antibiotics can be derived from Staphylococcus.
-True
-False
24. Ethylene oxide is a gas used in sterilization.
- True
- False
25.Penicillinase is the enzyme that allows some bacteria to be resistant to many penicillins.
- True
- False
26. There are fewer antifungal, antiprotozoan, and antihelminth drugs compared to antibacterial drugs because fungi, protozoa, and helminths are so similar to human cells that drug selective toxicity is difficult.
-True
-False
27. Quaternary ammonium compounds disrupt the cytoplasmic membrane.
- True
- False
28. A positive indirect ELISA result requires a known antigen, an unknown antibody, and a known secondary antibody.
-True
-False
29. PCR is the test method employed when minute samples of DNA need to be analyzed for identification purposes.
- True
- False
30. _________ testing is performed for bacteria that are not readily cultivated in the lab.
31. The property of a test to detect only a certain antibody or antigen, and not to react with any others is _________
32. The amount of antibody in the serum is called the _________
33. The class of antibiotics that attach to the 30S ribosomal subunit and disrupt protein synthesis are called ____________
34. The drug used for several protozoan infections is _____________
35. The property of a test to detect even small amounts of target analyte is ____________
36. The microbial form that has the highest resistance to physical and chemical controls is the _____________
37. Some microbial control agents are able to _________ proteins by breaking bonds that maintain the three-dimensional configuration of the proteins.
38. Disinfection of milk is optimally achieved by __________
39. Antimicrobial agents can target the __________ by inhibiting peptidoglycan synthesis.
Explanation / Answer
Answer 1 c) Sterilization
Reason- Sterilization is the process of eliminating or destroying all the microbial life forms from the media/surface including virus, bacteria, fungi and even the bacterial spores. this sterilization is achieved either by the chemical methods or by the physical methods of sterilization.
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