PROBLEMS and QUESTIONS 1. An object moves across the floor and comes to a stop.

Question

PROBLEMS and QUESTIONS 1. An object moves across the floor and comes to a stop. Explain how Aristotle and Galileo would view this motion differently. 2. Explain the difference between speed and velocity and give examples of each. 3. Explain how an object can have a constant speed and a varying velocity. 4. What are the units of acceleration? 5. If an automobile travels at the rate of 40 miles per hour, how long will it take to travel 400 miles? 6. A car travels at the rate of 40 mph for 3 hours. What distance does it travel? 7. A car travels 4 a miles in 114 hour. What is the average speed? 8. A car is moving with a speed of 30 m/s (constant direction). Ten seconds later it is moving with a speed of 50 m/s. calculate the acceleration. 9. A body moves with a speed of 20 m/s and 3 seconds later it is moving in the same direction with a speed of 14 m/s. a) Is the body accelerating or decelerating? b) Calculate the value of the acceleration or deceleration. 10. A rock is dropped from a building, calculate the following: a. The distance it falls during the first second. b. The distance it falls during the 4th second. c.The total distance it falls in 5 seconds. d.The speed after 5 seconds of fall. 11. The sketch below represents the motion of an object moving along a straight line but capable of reversing its direction.

Explanation / Answer

Ans1: we will explain that how aristotle and galileo explain motion motion differently : we know that Aristotle taught that the substances making up the Earth were different from the substance making up the heavens. He also taught that dynamics (the branch of physics that deals with motion) was primarily determined by the nature of the substance that was moving.
The Dynamics of Aristotle
For example, stripped to its essentials, Aristotle believed that a stone fell to the ground because the stone and the ground were similar in substance (in terms of the 4 basic elements, they were mostly "earth").
Now we compare about aristole vs galileo explaination differently Galileo vs. Aristotle
Thus, Aristotle believed that the laws governing the motion of the heavens were a different set of laws than those that governed motion on the earth. As we have seen, Galileo's concept of inertia was quite contrary to Aristotle's ideas of motion: in Galileo's dynamics the arrow (with very small frictional forces) continued to fly through the air because of the law of inertia, while a block of wood on a table stopped sliding once the applied force was removed because of frictional forces that Aristotle had failed to analyze correctly.
In addition, Galileo's extensive telescopic observations of the heavens made it more and more plausible that they were not made from a perfect, unchanging substance. In particular, Galileo's observational confirmation of the Copernican hypothesis suggested that the Earth was just another planet, so maybe it was made from the same material as the other planets.

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