3c. (0.5 pts) All eukaryotes have an associated microbiome, often including mutu
ID: 188033 • Letter: 3
Question
3c. (0.5 pts) All eukaryotes have an associated microbiome, often including mutualistic associations that are critical for normal function. Why are these associations so common in eukaryotes? Be sure to include your answers to question 2 in your explanation. 4. (0.5 pts) The species compositions of microbiomes are analyzed using sequence data. Why can't scientists use morphology for this purpose? List two problems with using morphology for phylogenetic analysis of bacteria and archaea: 1) 2) 5. (0.5 pts) While DNA sequences are the preferred data type for building trees of bacteria and archaea, there are some potential challenges. Use what you learned at station D to explain how sequence data might produce misleading trees.Explanation / Answer
Answer 3: Though different theories describe the evolution of eukaryotes differently, one such is "Serial Endosymbiosis Theory" where it states of origin of eukaryotes from the prokaryotic colonies, but its a debatable theory. The mutualistic associations are known as Symbiosis, based on a host-microbe communication and association. As the eukaryotes live along with microbial associations both on their body surfaces as well as internally, so these kind of interactions are common in eukaryotes.
ANSWER 4: 1) Both have different genome so differ in phylogenetic analysis
2) morphologically bacteria are more diverse than archae, formed of various shapes & sizes, only this factor cannot do the phylogenetic analysis, they may differ in paralogy &/or in molecular composition where it may lead to both belonging to different domains.
ANSWER 5: Sequence data which fails to exhibit base compositional patterns, probability distributions, needs informations about positional homologies, filling gaps may give artifacts , also we need to have appropriate distances to construct a phylogenetic tree or else we may get misleading trees from sequence data.
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