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1) In a survey of a population of a certain species of field rodent, the followi

ID: 186236 • Letter: 1

Question

1) In a survey of a population of a certain species of field rodent, the following data was collected: Black hair (genotype B,B) 18 - Brown hair (genotype B,B)-62 Yellow hair (genotype B,B,)-34 What are the frequencies of the two alleles? Is this population in a Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? Test your hypothesis with a X2-test. 2) In a separate, equally sized geographical population of the same species, a rather different set of data was gathered: - Black hair, 24; Brown hair, 51: Yellow hair 25 What are the frequencies of the two alleles? Is this population in a Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? 3) In humans, blue eye colour (B) is completely dominant to brown eye colour (b) [a hopeless oversimplification for argument's sake only]. In a certain population, the following data was gathered Blue eyes, 68; brown eyes, 32 What are the frequencies of the two alleles? Is it possible, in theory, to determine whether this population is in a Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium from the data given alone? (Hint: how many heterozygotes are among the blue eyed individuals?) 4) Consider the two populations in questions 1) and 2), above. Up to now they have been entirely separate, with no migratory contact between them. Suppose reciprocal migration begins between these two populations, at a level of m-0.05. That is, at each generation they exchange 5% of their members. Providing that no other factors direct allele frequencies, the populations will eventually become homogeneous. What will the allele frequencies be at this point? Show this trend graphically. On a single graph, show the frequencies of one of the alleles at each generation in each population. How would these curves change if the rate of migration were m = 0.01? m = 0.10? 5) What would be the heterozygosity of the two populations in questions 1) and 2)? What would be the fixation index between the two populations? On a single graph, depict the trends in heterozygosity in each subpopulation, and the trend in fixation index, after each round in migration, as described in question 4) 6) Consider a population of 20 individuals. A certain locus is polymorphic in this population for two selectively neutral alleles (i.e. distinct, but do not affect fitness), with frequencies f(A,)-0.70 and fA)-0.30. Because the population is so small, random genetic drift will probably occur, with the result that one of the two alleles will eventually be lost. What do you suppose is the probability that the A, allele will be lost? that the A, allele will be lost? How would this change if the population consisted of 2,000 individuals?

Explanation / Answer

1. The answer is

Gene allele frequency estimation

Genotype

Freequency

Allele G

Allele g

Total

B1B1

18

36

0

36

B1B2

64

64

64

128

B2B2

32

0

64

64

Total

114

100

128

228

Allele freequencies

Allele G

100/228

0.44

Allele g

128/228

0.56

Expected genotype frequencies

Genotype Frequencies

B1B1

0.192

22

B1B2

0.492

56

B2B2

0.315

36

Null hypothesis: The expected values are not deviating from the observed values

Chisquare test:

Category

B1B1

B1B2

B2B2

Total

Observed values

18.00

64.00

32.00

114

Exprected Values

22

56

36

Deviation

-4

8

-4

D^2

16

64

16

D^2/E

0.727273

1.142857

0.444444

2.314574

X^2

2.314574

Degrees of freedom

3-2=1

Inference:

As the calculated chisquare value i.e. 2.31 is less than the table value i.e. 3.83 at 1 DF and 0.05 probability, hence the null hypothesis is accepted. Which indicates that the observed values are in HW equilibrium.

ACCORDING TO CHEGG GUIDELINES WE HAVE TO ANSWER ONE QUESITON AT A TIME. PLEASE POST THE REST AS SEPEARTE QUESTIONS. THEN I CAN HELP YOU.

Genotype

Freequency

Allele G

Allele g

Total

B1B1

18

36

0

36

B1B2

64

64

64

128

B2B2

32

0

64

64

Total

114

100

128

228