Histamine causes: local blood vessels to constrict; local blood vessels to fluid

Question

Histamine causes: local blood vessels to constrict; local blood vessels to fluid loss a decrease in blood flow to the affected area, swelling of the affected area, all of the above Antigens are: proteins that cause foreign blood cells to clump, proteins in B cell membranes, polypeptide chains, foreign molecule to which a lymphocyte responds The type of cells responsible for initiating a secondary immune response are memory cells, macrophages, stem cells B cells, T cells Helper T cells are activated when an antigen is displayed by a dendritic cell, a cytotoxic T cell releases cytokines, natural killer cells come in contact with a tumor cell, B cells respond to T-independent antigens. A boy falls while riding his bike. A scrape on his hand almost immediately begins to bleed and becomes red, warm, and swollen What response is occurring? inflammatory response, lytic response, adaptive immune response, autoimmune response Vaccination increases the number of lymphocytes with receptors that can bind to the pathogen, epitopes that the immune system can recognize, macrophages specific for a pathogen all of the above Innate immunity is activated immediately upon infection, depends on an infected animal's previous exposure to the same pathogen, is based on recognition of antigens that are specific to different pathogens, is found only in vertebrate animals

Explanation / Answer

21. D

Release of histamine from inflammatory cells cause swelling of the affected part.

22. D

Antigens are toxic foreign substances that causes an immune response in the body.

23. A

Whenever the same antigen invades the body, memory cells get activated and initiate the immune response.

24. B

Helper t cells get activated when cytotoxic t cells trelese cytotoxins. Helper t cell activation then effects the type of effector cell produced.

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