What are the advantages of the Gateway cloning system compared to the convention

Question

What are the advantages of the Gateway cloning system compared to the conventional one? How to perform chloroplast genetic transformation? What are the major advantages of the chloroplast transformation system? In plant transformation, some methods of DNA delivery are limited to certain plants, others are not very effective, or very difficult to perform. The table below reports the different methods used in plant transformation. Give your comments for each method and its range of application? How does Agrobacterium infection induce gall formation? Transfer of Ti plasmid into the genome of the plant Transfer of the T-DNA into the genome of the plant Transfer of Vir genes

Explanation / Answer

6. Gateway cloning technology is applicable for protein expression, functional analysis and a variety of research areas. The advantages include accessing virtually any expression system in just few steps. It also provides accurate results with greater than 95% efficiency. Due to streamlined protocol there is no need of sequencing. Fast reactions are observed in 1 hr room temperature cloning reactions. The versatile technology enables easy shuttle DNA insert from vector to vector.

7. The methods for chloroplast genetic transformation are:

a. Biolistic or particles bombardment method which involves introducing E.coli plasmids containing a gene of interest and marker gene into chloroplasts or plastids.

b. PEG-mediated and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation method.

8. The major advantages of chloroplast transformation are :

a. Exhibits higher level of transgene expression.

b. Reduces the escape of transgene from one cell to another.

c. Gene silencing or RNA interference does not occur.

d. Minimises insertion of unnecessary DNA in nuclear genome transformation.

e. Due to polycistronicmRNA transcription multiple gene expression is possible.

9. a- Helpful incase of plant genetic engineering to monocotylednous plants.

b- Helpful in delivery of exogenous DNA to cells.

c-Helps to deliver genetic material to cells.

d-isolated protoplast showing high pinocytic activity uptakes specific genes or foreign DNA and produces genetic modification in plants.

e- novel minimally invasive drug delivery device.

f-gene transfer application that introduces DNA into cells in naked form.

g-used as carrier for drug delivery

10.b) transfer of T DNA into genome of plant.

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