The protein to the right is the insulin receptor. This is a membrane protein wit

Question

The protein to the right is the insulin receptor. This is a membrane protein with two insulin binding sites. When insulin binds (top), it causes a structural change in the extracellular region of receptor protein and this change causes a change in the intracellular domain (bottom) This change in the intracellular domain, results in metabolic changes suitable for high blood glucose levels. Which region of the receptor likely spans the membrane? What elements must this this region contain? The insulin receptor exhibits cooperative binding. Should it exhibit positive or negative cooperative binding? Why? How might this be accomplished at the molecular level? Why is one cooperative binding strategy appropriate for the insulin receptor but the opposite is seen with hemoglobin (a oxygen transport protein)? Sketch a ligand binding curve for insulin-insulin receptor binding. (think first about what axis are appropriate). Draw two different curves, with and without cooperative binding.

Explanation / Answer

The alpha subunit is completely extracellular. only Beta subunit has extracellular, transmembrane and intracellular regions. TM domain spans the membrane.

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