5. Which of the following processes would be considered most recent in evolution

Question

5. Which of the following processes would be considered most recent in evolutionary terms?
a. photosynthesis
b. oxygenic photosynthesis
c. fermentation
d. aerobic respiration
e. anaerobic respiration

6. Which of the following structures is NOT found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
a. flagella
b. cytoplasm
c. DNA
d. nucleoid
e. ATP

7. Which of the following terms refers to the idea of an RNA world?
a. ribozymes
b. ribosomes
c. ATP
d. virus
e. bacterium

8. Trade winds are
a. winds near the poles.
b. ocean currents.
c. winds in temperate zones.
d. winds in the tropics.
e. westerly winds.

9. A bacterial population that becomes resistant to antibiotics is an example of
a. adaptive radiation.
b. selection.
c. chemoautotrophy.
d. transmission.
e. biodiversity.

Explanation / Answer

5. d. Oxygen is known to have appeared on the earth relatively lately, due to oxygenic photosynthesis, and therefore, aerobic respiration must be the most recent of the listed processes.

6. e. ATP i.e. riboseATP, per se, does not really exist. The actual base is deoxy(ribose)ATP, i.e. dATP.

7. a. In an RNA world both genetic functions and catalytic functions were performed by RNA. Catalytic RNAs are called ribozymes.

8. d. (Factual statement; no explanation is possible)

9. b. A bacterial population getting resistant to antibiotics will favor its survival over non-resistant bacterium, i.e. the resistant bacteria are more fit than the non-resistant ones in an environment where the antibiotic is present; this is an example of selection.

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