Question 1: What is the modulus of a binary counter which counts from 0 to 6 and

Question

Question 1: What is the modulus of a binary counter which counts from 0 to 6 and then recycles back to 0?

Question 2: What is the modulus of a counter which counts from 3 to 9 and back to 3 again?

Question 3: How many flip-flops are needed to design a counter which counts from 0 to 10?

Question 4: When flip-flops are connected with one output to the next input, they are in what type of configuration?

Question 5: To construct a binary up-counter out of J-K flip flops with a count sequence of 0-1-2-3-4, which gate must be used to reset all flip-flops and which outputs it should be connected to?

Question 6: What must be connected to the J and K inputs of each flip-flop in order to construct an asynchronous MOD-8 counter?

*answer must be typed*

Explanation / Answer

1)

when the output of a flipflop connected to the input of next flipflop in the chain, then this configuration is called shift register configuration. for every clock pulse, the date in one flip flop shifts to the next flip flop.

3) in an asynchronous mod counter for the first flip flop clock is given as the input and for the remaining flip flops output of the previous flipflop given as the clock input. For J and K inputs, the Vdd voltage given as the input. that means 1 is given as the inputs J and K

4)

Modulus of a binary counter is the number of distinct states the counter has. The given counter counts from 0 to 6 and then recycles back. so, the number of distinct states are 0,1,2,3,4,5,6. so total 7 distinct states. so, the given counter is modulus 7 counter.

5)

by definition of a modulus of a counter, it is the number of distinct states the counter has. the given counter counts from 3 to 9 and then back to 9. that means the distinct states are 3,4,5,6,7,8,9. so, the number of distinct states are 6. so,the given counter is mod 6 counter.

6)

A mod-N counter can have 2^N distinct states. so, it can count 0 to 2^N-1 numbers. the range of numbers we are going to count is 0 to 10. so, the number of distinct states are 11. the nearest power of 2 to 11 is 4. so, minimum 4 flip flops are required to design the counter.

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