A hydraulic has two pistons. Piston 1 has a radius of 0.7 cm and piston 2 has a

Question

A hydraulic has two pistons. Piston 1 has a radius of 0.7 cm and piston 2 has a radius of 2.5 cm.

a.) Determine the area of piston 1.
___________cm2

b.) Determine the area of piston 2.
____________ cm2

c.) Determine the theoretical mechanical advantage (TMA) of the hydraulic.
___________________


d.) What does Pascal's Principle say?


1.The total amount of volume remains constant.

2.The pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished throughout the fluid and to the walls of the container.

3.Fluid tends to flow faster where the pressure is lower.

4.The force per unit area.

5.The amount of fluid displaced by an object is equal to the volume that has been submerged in the fluid.

6.The buoyant force on an object wholly or partially submerged in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid it displaces.

e.) A pressure of 130 Pa is applied at piston 1. As a result, how much pressure will be exerted at piston 2?
________________Pa


f.) For a hydraulic, why does the actual mechanical advantage (AMA) tend to be less than the TMA?

1.Because of friction between the pistons and the walls of the hydraulic.

2.Because liquid is compressible.

3.Because of air drag.

4.Because it's impossible to deliver electricity at a constant rate to the hydraulic.
.
g.) What can be done to make the AMA closer to the the TMA?

1.Use superconductors.

2.Use a gas instead of a liquid.

3.Use a lubricant.

4.Make it more aerodynamic.
.

Explanation / Answer

area A = R^2

(a) A1 = 3.14 (0.7)^2 = 1.538 cm^2

(b) A2 = 3.14 (2.5)^2 = 19.62 cm^2

(d) Mechanical force advantage = load (output force)/effect (input force)

                       F1/F2 = A1/A2

                                   = 1.538/19.62

                                   = 0.0783

2.The pressure applied to an enclosed fluid is transmitted undiminished throughout the fluid and to the walls of the container.

(e)

the pressure is same for throughout the system. A pressure of 130 Pa is applied at piston 1. As a result, how much pressure will be exerted at piston 2 is 130 pa.

(f)

    1.Because of friction between the pistons and the walls of the hydraulic.

(g)

      Rollers, lubricants or oils, polished surfaces and streamed lined vehicles can reduced the amount of   friction.

      3.Use a lubricant.

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