Ecology ( BIOL 3500) CH. 16 1. What is forest structural diversity? Hint: think

Question

Ecology (BIOL 3500)

CH. 16

1.    What is forest structural diversity? Hint: think layers

2. Describe the two approaches used to classify communities.

3. What is biodiversity? What are the two components to calculating biodiversity?

4. What are the two approaches used to classify species into functional groups? Provide an example of a functional group using each of these approaches.

5. Briefly compare and contrast food webs to interaction webs.

6. What is trophic facilitation?

7. Compare and contrast dominant to keystone species.

8. What is an ecosystem engineer? Provide two examples.

9. What is a metacommunity?

Explanation / Answer

1. Structural diversity simply means biodiversity which relates with variability among living organisms, with diversity within species, between species in the ecosystems. High structural diversity indicate the probability of diversity of niches and species present. In forest, structural diversity means the different type of plants and trees with rich diversity, helping the plant for resource partitioning. This leads the plants to utilize the resources to the fullest, helpful for growth. Native pinewoods, upland birchwood, and deciduous woodland forms different layers.

2. To classify community, classification is based level of organization or complexity. In forest community, forest range to big size which have wide variety of forest structures, leading to different size and shape. Clssification is based on tolerance ranges from temperatures, dry climate, frugality. Other is qualities which depends on height growth, stability, and longevity.

3. Biodiversity is variety of life on Earth in different levels of biological organization. Simply due to variety in the genetic makeup of a species resulting in variety of ecosystem.The major component in biodiversity is Species diversity due to number and abundance of species in particular geographical location. Other components is genetic diversity is due to variation in genetic material within the population.

4. Species into functional groups: Such as carnivorous animals, Nitrogen fixing plant, in ecosystem which ranges from coniferous forest, prairie, tundra. Competition plays key role in determining diversity among functionally equivalent organisms. To measure it, alpha-diversity means competition for the same resources in same environment . In beta-diversity, organisms respond to spatial heterogeneity and other is gamma diversity or geographical diversity.

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