Activated T cells and macrophages release _ to mobilize immune cells and attract
ID: 168646 • Letter: A
Question
Activated T cells and macrophages release _ to mobilize immune cells and attract other leukocytes into the area. cytokine interleukin 2 proteins interleukin 1 proteins perforins A flu vaccine is needed seasonally to be effective but a polio vaccine is only needed once. the best explanation of this is_. the flu vaccine is substantially weaker than the polio vaccine exposure to flu vaccine produces no memory cells from proliferating B-lymphocytes the flu has several strains that change seasonally the polio virus is substantially weaker than the flu virus Immunocompetence_. is the ability of individual cells to recognize a specific antigen by binding to it prevents intercellular communication so that only specific cell types respond to the invader occurs in one specific organ of the adaptive immune system requires exposure to an antigen Overlap in the innate and adaptive immune system is seen in all of the following examples but one? Which of the following examples does not illustrate the overlap of innate and adaptive immune responses? Macrophages becoming activated macrophages in response to cytokines released by T-helper cells. Dendritic cells presenting antigens on their MHC II proteins to T-helper cells. NK cells causing apoptosis of an abnormal host cell, lacking MHC proteins. Plasma cells that produce large amounts of IgE that will ultimately allow mast cells to release histamine.Explanation / Answer
1. Cytokine is defined as any of a number of substances, such as interferon, interleukin, and growth factors, which are secreted by certain cells of the immune system and have an effect on other cells. The correct answer is option A (cytokines).
2. Option C is the correct answer. The flu vaccine needs to change seasonally because of dynamic nature of flu causing agent. The causal agent has several strain that changes with season.
3. Option A is the correct answer. Immunocompetence is defined as the ability of the body to produce a normal immune response following exposure to an antigen.
4. Option C is the correct answer. NK cells causing apoptosis of an abnormal host cell, lacking MHC proteins does not illustrate the overlap of innate and adaptive immune responses.
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