Why do the fontanels persist until well after the birth of an infant How might t
ID: 167722 • Letter: W
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Why do the fontanels persist until well after the birth of an infant How might the bifid spinous processes of cervical vertebrae affect anterior-posterior movement in the cervical region of the vertebral column? How do the superior and inferior articular processes of the atlas differ from the same processes on a "typical" vertebra? How does this difference contribute to the special movement allowed at the atlanto-occipital and atiantoaxial joints? Notice that when two lumbar vertebrae are put together, little to no lateral rotation is allowed because of the shape of the articulating bones. Why do you think they interact in this manner? What part of the vertebral column is removed when a laminectomy is performed? Needles inserted into the thoracic cavity must always be placed along the superior border of a rib so as not to injure important structure what important structures could be damaged by insertion of a needle too close to the inferior border of a rib?Explanation / Answer
1. Fontanels are spaces between the skull bones of the body. They persist even after the birth of an infant as they allow the head of an infant to squeeze through the birth canal. They also allow the skull to stretch when the brain expands quickly during growth. As skull bones grow they fill in fontanels.
2. Spinous processes of cervical vertebrae allow for attachment of more muscles and ligaments bilaterally which permits movement. Protruding from the posterior extreme is a spinous process and extending from the lateral edge is the transverse process.
3. The surface of the superior articular processes will work right above the inferior surface in a vertebra which does not hold true in the atlas.
The superior portion of the articular process: It has an articular facet on the posterior surface for articulation of the inferior articular process of the vertebra above.
The inferior portion of the articular process: It has an articular facet on the anterior surface for articulation with the superior articular process of the vertebrae below.
Typical vertebra: 'C3 and C6'. C3 has the typical structures with exception of the vertebral prominent.
4. Two lumbar vertebrae are put together and the lower processes of each are locked within the upper processes of the next one below so that there is little or no rotatory motion possible. Lumbar spine consists of the posterior elements, intervertebral disks, vertebral body, and ligaments.
The function of the structures of the lumbar spine is to protect and support the spinal cord and spinal nerves. The spinal nerves pass through a large hole in the center of each vertebra, this, when lined up, is called the spinal canal. Between the vertebrae contain intervertebral disk that acts as a shock absorber.
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