What are the molecular targets of anticancer drugs? The bark of the Pacific yew

Question

What are the molecular targets of anticancer drugs? The bark of the Pacific yew tree (Taxus brevifolia) was the original source of one of the most effective drugs for treating tumors of the breast, lung, and other sites. Taxol, a chemical extracted from this bark, kills actively replicating cells by inhibiting the depolymerization of mirotubules Why are microtubules good targets for killing cancerous cells? When actively growing cells are treated with Taxol, they often are unable to complete the cell cycle. Based on what you have learned about cell-cycle checkpoints, which checkpoint likely causes those cells to arrest? Explain your reasoning. G_1 checkpoint. If the growth of the cell was blocked, or if DMA was physically damaged and cannot be repaired, then the cell would arrest in G_1 phase. The second M phase checkpoint. If microtubule depolymerization were inhibited, the chromosomes would not completely separate in anaphase, and the cells would arrest in M phase. The first M phase checkpoint. If the sister chromatids all kinetochores are not attached property to the spindle apparatus, then the sister chromatids do not split and the cells would arrest in M phase. G_2 checkpoint. If DNA is damaged or if chromosomes are not replicated correctly, the inhibitory phosphate on MPFs Cdk subunit won't removed. As a result, MPF is not turned on, and cells remain in G_2 phase.

Explanation / Answer

Ans.

When the actively growing cells are treated with taxol, they often unable to complete the cell cycle because

the first M phase check point if the sister chromatids all kinetochores are not attached properly to the spindle apparatus, then the sister chromatids do not split and the cells would almost in M phase

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