Among the animal specimens available, list at least Two examples (common names o

Question

Among the animal specimens available, list at least Two examples (common names ok) for each of the following phyla and give UNIOUE Morphological characteristic/s for that phylum (as discussed in class) that will allow you to distinguish that phylum from others. Phylum Porifera Phylum Cnidaria Phylum Platyhelminthes Phylum Nematode Phylum Annelida Phylum Mollusca (must name one example for each class: Polyplacophora, Gastropod, Bivalve, Cephalopodan) Phylum Arthropod (must name one example for each class: Chelicerate, Crustacea, Hexapoda, Myriapoda)

Explanation / Answer

a. Phylum Porifera -

The unique features are :

1) They possess choanocytes or collar cells that helps in water movement.

2) They have many pores for inward flow of water called ostia and for outward flow of water called osculum.

Examples are - Sycon sp., Euplectella (Venus’s flower basket)

b. Phylum Cnidaria -

The unique features are :

1) They possess cnidocytes.

2) They have tentacles.

Examples - Jellyfish, Sea Anemone

c. Phylum Platyhelminthes -

The unique features are :

1) Excretory organ is protonephridia.

2) Dorsoventrally flattened, hence also called flatworm.

Examples - Turbellaria sp., Monogenea sp.

d. Phylum Nematoda -

The unique features are :

1) Body covered in cuticle.

2) Circulatory system absent.

Examples - Ascaris sp., Filaria sp.

e. Phylum Annelida -

The unique features are :

1) Consists of body segments called metameres.

2) Body divided into prosomium, trunk and pygidium.

Examples - Earthworm, Polychaete sp.

f. Phylum Mollusca -

The unique features are :

1) Unsegmented body covered by a shell.

2) Respiratory organ are called ctenidia.

Examples -

Polyplacophora - Chiton sp.

Gastropoda - Pila sp.

Bivalvia - mussels

Cephalopoda - octopus

g. Phylum Arthropoda -

The unique features are :

1) Body segmented with jointed appendages.

2) Exoskeleton made up of chitin.

Examples -

Chelicerata - scorpion

Crustacea - crab

Hexapoda - cockroach

Myriapoda - centipede

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