A water molecule consists of two hydrogen atoms bonded with one oxygen atom. The

Question

A water molecule consists of two hydrogen atoms bonded with one oxygen atom. The bond angle between the two hydrogen atoms is 104 degree (see below). Calculate the net dipole moment (in C. m) of a water molecule that is placed in a uniform, horizontal electric field of magnitude 6.7 times 10^-8 N/C. (Only calculate the permanent d moment based on charge distributions shown in the figure, and exclude any induced dipole moment The O-H bond length in water is 0.958 angstroms. Express your answer in vector form. Assume that the +x-axis is to the right and the +y-axis is up along the page.)

Explanation / Answer

Here we are considering only permanent dipole moment ,excluding the induced dipole moment.Since O2 is more electronegative atom it exerts a greater pull on the shared electron it also has lone pair of electrons.Therefore the dipole moment points from H2 atom to O2 atom.

Dipole moment =Q×r

where Q is the charge on the atom ,r is the distance between charges.

The bond moment of OH bond is 1.5D where 1D=3.33564×10-30 Cm ,Here the net dipole moment is the resultant of two O-H bonds.

Net dipole moment is p=2×1.5×Cos(104.50/2)

=1.84 D=1.84×3.3356×10-30Cm

p =6.17×10-30Cm along negative x axis

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