Please help me on conclusion and 4 questions. This is procedure about experiment

Question

Please help me on conclusion and 4 questions.

This is procedure about experiment.

Experiment 1: Colliding Carts Without Magnets

Place a balance from the Instruments shelf on the workbench.

Weigh an air track cart by placing it on the balance. Record the mass of the air track cart (mA) in your Lab Notes. Remember to press Save Notes.

Place mA on the far left side of the air track, next to the plunger. On the display of the air track cart, you should see that you have placed the cart at the 0 cm mark.

Place a new air track cart on the balance and weigh it. Record the mass of the air track cart (mB) in your Lab Notes. Remember to press Save Notes.

Place m B on the air track near the 100 cm mark, according to the display of the air track cart.

Place two photogates from the Instruments shelf onto the air track.

Referring to the placement displayed in the yellow viewfinder of the photogate, move the first photogate near the 30 cm mark and the second photogate near the 150 cm mark.

Cart A will pass through the first photogate and a velocity reading will appear. This is the initial velocity of mA (vA,1). The initial velocity of mB is zero because it is at rest (i.e. vB,1 = 0). Record these two velocities in your Lab Notes.

Watch the collision. After the collision occurs, record the final velocities of mA (vA,2) and mB (vB,2) after they pass through the photogates in your Lab Notes. If a cart comes to a stop, its final velocity is zero. If a cart moves to the left, its final velocity is negative.

Make a note of the plunger extension (1 cm) in your Lab Notes. Remember to press Save Notes.

Return the air track carts to their starting positions.

Repeat step 8 – 12 twice more and make sure you continue to see initial and final velocities approximately equal to those recorded in your Lab Notes.

Repeat steps 8 - 13 for all of the added mass and plunger combinations listed in the table below. When adding mass to a cart, double-click on it, select from the list that appears, place the cart on the balance, and record the total mass in your Lab Notes. When the table reads “0 g”, make sure to select Remove Weights if there is any added mass present.

Plunger extension

Mass added to cart A

Mass added to cart B

1 cm

0 g

0 g

2 cm

0 g

0 g

3 cm

0 g

0 g

1 cm

50 g

0 g

1 cm

100 g

0 g

1 cm

150 g

0 g

1 cm

0 g

50 g

1 cm

0 g

100 g

1 cm

0 g

150 g

Remember to press Save Notes after each repetition.

Experiment 2: Colliding Carts with Magnets

Select an air track cart, remove any added mass, place it on the balance, record the mass in your Lab Notes as mA, and place it on the track at the 0 cm position.

Remove any added mass from the second air track cart, place it on the balance, record the mass in your Lab Notes as mB, and place it on the track at approximately the 100 cm position.

Add magnets to both air track carts by double-clicking on the carts and selecting Has Magnets.

Pull back the air track plunger 1 cm. Release the plunger.

Cart A will pass through the first photogate and a velocity reading will appear. This is the initial velocity of mA (vA,1). The initial velocity of mB is zero because it is at rest (i.e. vB,1 = 0). Record these two velocities in your Lab Notes.

Watch the collision. After the collision occurs, the air track carts will stick together and move together. Record the velocity of the combined carts (v2) after they pass through the photogates in your Lab Notes. Remember to press Save Notes.

Return the carts to their starting positions.

Repeat steps 4 – 7 for all of the added mass combinations listed in the table below, using a plunger extension of 1 cm each time. When adding mass to a cart, double-click on it, select from the list that appears, place the cart on the balance, and record the total mass in your Lab Notes. When the table reads “0 g”, make sure to select Remove Weights if there is any added mass present.

Mass added to cart A

Mass added to cart B

0 g

0 g

50 g

0 g

100 g

0 g

150 g

0 g

0 g

50 g

0 g

100 g

0 g

150 g

Remember to press Save Notes after each repetition.

Conclusions

Based on your results for Experiment 1, are the collisions without magnets elastic or inelastic? Explain why.

Based on your results for Experiment 2, are the collisions with magnets elastic or inelastic? Explain why.

How did the relative mass of the two carts affect momentum and kinetic energy conservation?

In the inelastic collisions you observed, what happened to the missing kinetic energy?

Plunger extension

Mass added to cart A

Mass added to cart B

1 cm

0 g

0 g

2 cm

0 g

0 g

3 cm

0 g

0 g

1 cm

50 g

0 g

1 cm

100 g

0 g

1 cm

150 g

0 g

1 cm

0 g

50 g

1 cm

0 g

100 g

1 cm

0 g

150 g

Explanation / Answer

Conclusion:

Momentum loss will be due to the fact that some momentum is transferred to the magnetic field and friction also results in the decrease. Magnetism is a conservative force (so collisions with magnets is elastic), so any change in the kinetic energy has to be due to due to the force of friction which reduces the system's velocity at all points.

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