Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding sea anemones? None of the an

Question

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding sea anemones? None of the answer options is correct. Sponges—not sea anemones—possess what is considered to be the “simplest” nervous system found in animals. Because sea anemones are “simple” organisms, these animals only possess motor neurons; sensory neurons or interneurons are never found in sea anemones. Although sea anemones possess “net-like” nervous systems, these animals have brains located at their bases (near where they would attach to rocks). Although sea anemones lack definitive brains, they do possess ganglia that serve a similar function to the paired ganglia of flatworms. 2. Some people have low levels of calcium circulating in the blood, a condition known as hypocalcemia. While for many this disorder has little to no effect, for some it can be life-threatening. How could low levels of calcium harm an individual? Low levels of calcium would not have any effect on synaptic transmission. Low levels of calcium would cause sustained depolarization of the presynaptic cell. Low levels of calcium would result in fewer signals sent between the pre- and postsynaptic cell. 3. Cephalization is: the All of these choices are correct. development of a brain within the head of an animal. concentration of sensory organs within the head end of an animal. development of a “head end” in an organism. 4. Which of the following are TRUE about the resting membrane potential? (Select all that apply.) It results from voltage-gated sodium channels remaining open for long periods of time. It results from K+ ions diffusing out of the cell. It results from the sodium-potassium pump moving more Na+ ions out of the cell than K+ ions into the cell. 5. Afferent and efferent neurons differ in: their size. the directionality of the information they send. their pattern of myelination. 6. A neuron that responds to the environment is a(n): interneuron. homeostatic neuron. motor neuron. sensory neuron. 7. Which of the following is NOT the role of an interneuron? stimulating a muscle to contract conveying information from the internal environment of an animal relaying information from sensory to motor neurons maintaining homeostasis 8. Where are postsynaptic cell receptor proteins synthesized? the Golgi apparatus the lysosome the cytoplasm the rough endoplasmic reticulum 9. Inhibition of the flexor muscle during the knee-extension reflex is an example of: homeostasis. reciprocal inhibition. negative feedback. All of these choices are correct. 10. What type of cells produce myelin for sensory neurons? pyramidal neurons glial cells melanocytes astrocytes Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding sea anemones? None of the answer options is correct. Sponges—not sea anemones—possess what is considered to be the “simplest” nervous system found in animals. Because sea anemones are “simple” organisms, these animals only possess motor neurons; sensory neurons or interneurons are never found in sea anemones. Although sea anemones possess “net-like” nervous systems, these animals have brains located at their bases (near where they would attach to rocks). Although sea anemones lack definitive brains, they do possess ganglia that serve a similar function to the paired ganglia of flatworms.

Explanation / Answer

1. Sea anemones are Cnidarians and belong to class Anthozoa. They contain a primitive nervous system without centralization. They do not posess specialized sense organs. None of the statements are true. option 1 is correct.

2. Hypocalcemia is resulted due to chronic kidney disease, elevated phosphorus, hypoparathyroidism, and vitamin D deficiency, deficiency of magnesium, acute pancreatitis, chronic alcoholism, diarrhea and low serum albumin levels. The decreased ionized calcium results an alkalosis and excess administration of citrated blood. The symptoms include, fatigue, depression, anxiety, confusion, numbness and tingling in extremities and around mouth, muscle cramps Chvostek’s sign, Trousseau’s sign, tetany and seizures. option 3 is correct.

3. Cephalization is the process of development of brain and sense organs at anterior or head end of an organism during embryonic development. Option 1 is correct.

4. Membrane potential is the charge difference between inside and outside of a membrane. Resting membrane potential is resulted by movement of more sodium ions to outside than K+ ions into the cell and Movement of K+ ions out of cell through passive diffusion. Options 2 and 3 are correct.

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