1) Contaminated the atmosphere with oxygen 2.5 billion years ago 2) Oxidizes NAD
ID: 16138 • Letter: 1
Question
1) Contaminated the atmosphere with oxygen 2.5 billion years ago2) Oxidizes NADH from the matrix
3) A suicide inhibitor of respiration
4) Acts as the terminal electron acceptor in respiration
5) The most ancient glucose oxidizing pathway
6) Produces NADH in the cytoplasm
7) Couples mechanical energy to ATP production
8) Generates a proton gradient
9) Fixes carbon in photosynthesis
10) Acts as an electron donor in non-cyclic photosynthesis
Matching Answers:
A) noncyclic photsynthesis
b)electron trasport
c)cyanide
d)oxygen
e)glycolysis
a)photosynthesis
b)ATP synthase
c)Trout Fishing in America
d)RUBISCO
e) water
II. True or False:
11) The free energy of glucose is equivalent to the total free energy of the ATPs generated in
glycolysis and respiration.
12) Plants need animals to generate the carbon dioxide for photosynthesis.
13) The water generated by photosynthesis is coupled with the removal of electrons from oxygen
in PSII.
14) Desert plants are adapted with C3 metabolism as a result of selective pressure in a dry environment.
15) RUBISCO evolved in an oxidizing atmosphere, hence its lower affinity for carbon dioxide.
16) The chlorophyll A molecules of the two photosystems are chemically identical.
17) Metabolism on other planets is likely to require the reduction of electron rich donors to create oxidized
substrates for xenobiological fuel.
18) Proton gradients provide the energy for ATP production in both respiration and photosynthesis.
19) Not all protons of the thylakoid space come from protons that once were in the stroma.
20) Most, if not all, of the valence electrons on the carbon atoms in your body were recently
in the valence shell of a hydrogen atom (recently: meaning non-geologic time).
III. Multiple Choice:
21) Evolutionary adaptations which mitigate photorespiration include
A) Tailoring RUBISCO for in oxygen containing atmosphere
B) Separating the light reactions from the carbon fixing reactions in space
C) Separating the light reactions from the carbon fixing reactions in time
D) B or C depending on the plant
22) On the Planet Yoma 3 most autotrophic organisms absorb light of at 800 nm
and power their cells with it. What do you automatically know about this organism or Planet
Yoma 3.
A) The organism is likely a normal flowering plant like we have here on Earth
B) The sun is probably red on Yoma 3
C) It would have a photosystem II like that found in algae on the Planet Earth, but no PSI
D) It has a metabolism based in a non-carbon chemistry.
23) Another set of organisms on Planet Uberchaca 4.1 live in the surface of the copper bells in the High Temple of Fuzulsnorch. They live through the production of patina. This metabolism can be explained by the fact that
A) They are heterotrophs that use copper as an electron donor in their electron transport
system
B) They are autotrophs which reduce the cupric oxide to metal
C) They are heterotrophs that use patina as a catalyst to oxidize oxygen
D) They are producing patina in a way that must be unrelated to their uptake use of energy
24) Another set of organisms on “Ooma 82 Point Tilda” live in caves and take in hydrogen selenide gas and exhale pure selenium. What is likely the basis of their use of hydrogen selenide.
A) They are heterotrophs that use hydrogen selenide as a terminal electron sink in their electron
transport system
B) They are autotrophs which reduce the hydrogen selenide to selenium in a chemoautotrophic
process
C) They are using hydrogen selenide the way photosynthetic organisms on Earth use water as a
source of electrons and the elemental selenium is being produced through this oxidation
D) None of the above
25) Recently Wanda Petronski, a member of an “el Queso” sleeper cell for the Cheesie Liberation Front,
was apprehended with a vial in her purse marked “Mitochondrial poison for the stinking oppressors.”
A subsequent investigation by authorities revealed that the chemical in the vial resembled a proton
channel purified from bacteria.
It is likely that this poison was intended to:
A) Function as a pore forming toxin to stop ATP production in mitochondria by dissipating the proton
gradient used by the ATP synthase
B) Stop electron transport by binding to cytochrome as a suicide inhibitor
C) Cause excessive proton accumulation in the intermembrane space and burn out the ATP synthase
through over-activity
D) Decoy for the real weapon which was a 6000 pound can of instant cheese topping with an expiration
date set in the late 23rd century.
IV. Which came first in evolutionary history?
26) A. Respiration B. Glycolysis
27) A. PSII B. Glycolysis
28) A. RUBISCO B. Oxygen in the atmosphere
29) A. Chloroplasts B. Mitochondria
30) A. Respiration B. Noncyclic photosynthesis
31) Overlapping kinase cascades must
A. never occur in cells
B. by definition engage in cross talk
C. be very unlikely since there are only two kinase pathways in cells
D. all of the above
32) Checkpoint control
A. is the way the cell examines internal and external conditions prior to a G1/S or G2/M
transition
B. never malfunctions in cancer cells
C. does not require input from signal transduction pathways
D. is independent of the activity of kinases
33) Cyclins
A. act as allosteric inhibitors of checkpoint kinases
B. fluctuate in concentration through the cell cycle
C. are activators of g-proteins
D. all of the above
34) Primary cells
A. have a Hayflick limit
B. are immortal
C. divide in culture independent of added growth factors
D. none of the above
35) Chromosome always shortening does not occur in
A. All of the below
B. Cancer cells
C. Embryonic stem cells
D. Immortal cell lines
36) If you compare the telomeres of Bristlecone pines and fruit flies, you might expect
A. pines ones are longer
B. fly ones are longer
C. they are about the same length
D. both have no telomeres
37) The heredity model which Mendel developed emphasized
A. blending of traits to create hybrids
B. the particulate an indivisible nature of heredity material
C. DNA as the source of all genetic material
D. all of the above
38) Alleles refer to
A. two possible forms of the hereditary element
B. an entire chromosome
C. the dominant form of the gene only
D. the recessive form of the gene only
39) Mendel's dihybrid crosses test the hypothesis that
A. the heredity material for a single trait has 4 alleles
B. mixed alleles actually blend
C. the alleles for two different traits do not influence each other's odds of being present in the same gamete
D. heredity material for a trait occurs in two forms
40) If the law of independent assortment were true, then humans
A. humans would have more than 46 chromosomes
B. would have less than 46 chromosomes
C. would still have 46 chromosomes
D. would be indistinguishable from chimps
Explanation / Answer
1. Contaminated the atmosphere with oxygen 2.5 billion years ago d- noncyclic photosynthesis 2. Uses NADH from the matrix c- electron transport 3. Poisons by stopping electron transport in respiration a- cyanide 4. Acts as the terminal electron acceptor in respiration a- oxygen 5. The most ancient glucose oxidizing pathway b- glycolysis 6. Produces NADH in the cytoplasm e- citric acid cycle 7. Couples mechanical energy to ATP production c- ATP synthase 8. Generates a proton gradient b- triose phosphate isomerase 9. Fixes carbon in Photosynthesis d- RuBisCO 10. Generates glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate e- calvin cycle and glycolysis
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