2.What is Aristotle’s philosophy of science – considered in all of its methodolo

Question

2.What is Aristotle’s philosophy of science – considered in all of its methodological, cosmological, and ontological components? Your answer should very likely include references to some of the following:

Aristotle’s conception or theory of the four causes

Aristotle’s inductive / deductive methodology

The syllogism

Induction by enumeration

Induction by insight

The square of opposition

Universal and particular truths

Aristotelian method and necessity

First Principles as necessary truth

Essential v. accidental attributes

Natural v. Artificial

Aristotle’s Astronomy & Cosmology

Aristotle’s Elements

Terrestrial v. Celestial Substance

Circular motion

Prime Mover

Outer most sphere (Primum Mobile)

Species

Natural Kinds

Teleology

Form & Matter

Hylomorphism / hylomorphic theory

Deductive Systematization Ideal

Explanation / Answer

1. Plato's pupil Aristotle wrote widely on almost every subject, including metaphysics.

2. His solution to the problem of universals contrasts with Plato's. Whereas Platonic Forms exist in a separate realm, and may exist uninstantiated in visible things, Aristotelian essences "indwell" in particulars.

3.Potentiality and Actuality(Necessary Truth) are principles of a dichotomy which Aristotle used throughout his philosophical works to analyze motion, causality and other issues.

4. The Aristotelian theory of change and causality stretches to four causes: the material, formal, efficient and final.

5. The efficient cause corresponds to what is now known as a cause simpliciter. Final causes are explicitly teleological, a concept now regarded as controversial in science. The Matter/Form dichotomy was to become highly influential in later philosophy as the substance/essence distinction.

6. The opening arguments in Aristotle's Metaphysics, Book I, revolve around the senses, knowledge, experience, theory, and wisdom.

7. The first main focus in the Metaphysics is attempting to determine how intellect "advances from sensation through memory, experience, and art, to theoretical knowledge".

8. Aristotle claims that eyesight provides us with the capability to recognize and remember experiences, while sound allows us to learn.

Related Questions

Navigate

• Browse (All)
• Browse 2
• Subjects

Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.