1. According to Einstein’s theory of general relativity, massive objects with st
ID: 158323 • Letter: 1
Question
1. According to Einstein’s theory of general relativity, massive objects with strong gravity (like the Sun) cause curvature of space-time that can deflect rays of light. Answer the following:
(a) Is starlight deflected towards or away from the Sun?
(b) Approximately how much is it deflected (in arc seconds – remember: this is an angular distance in the sky)?
(c) Define the terms in Einstein’s famous equation: E = moc2 (usually written simply as E =mc2).
2. What is the name for the outward flow of hot gas from the Sun, flowing to Earth and beyond?
3. What causes solar prominences to exhibit a loop or arch shape?
4. (a) Why do sunspots appear dark?
(b) What is the period of the sunspot cycle?
(c) What is darkest part of a sunspot called?
5. Convection currents occur just below the Sun’s photosphere. What feature do we see in the Sun’s photosphere that provides evidence for this?
6. Nuclear fusion occurs in the Sun’s core and is the ultimate source of the Sun’s energy.
(a) What elements are involved in nuclear fusion inside the Sun?
(b) What happens to the missing mass in the fusion process?
Explanation / Answer
1 a)Deflected away from sun
b) 1.75 arcseconds
c)Mass is measured by determining the extent to which a particle or object resists a change in its direction or speed when a force is applied.
Energy is the capacity of a physical system to perform work
SPEED OF LIGHT. : a fundamental physical constant that is the speed at which electromagnetic radiation propagates in a vacuum .
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