Question 1 What does Carruthers mean when he says \"physics is closed\"? Physics

Question

Question 1

What does Carruthers mean when he says "physics is closed"?

Physics is complete--there is no need to do further scientific research.

Physics is a system in which there is no such thing as causation.

Physics is a closed system in which every event at the basic physical level can be explained by basic physical laws.

Physical theories have all been conclusively refuted by other scientific disciplines.

QUESTION 2

Why does Carruthers mention "elán vital" and "ectoplasm"?

Because they are supposed non-physical forces that most scientists believe are needed in order to explain physical phenomena.

Because they are supposed non-physical forces that most scientists believe are not needed in order to explain physical phenomena.

Because they are two of the most well-established, scientifically proven theories in physics.

Because they are two of the leading theories of the mind advanced by physics.

QUESTION 3

True or False: Carruthers states that sometimes brain activity may occur without any physical cause or physical explanation.

True

False

QUESTION 4

Carruthers argues that the only way to hold on to the everyday belief that mental events (like decisions or emotions) cause physical events (like walking or shouting) and the scientific belief that physical events can only be caused by other physical events is to conclude...

that those mental events are actually just physical events.

that mental causation is infinitely mysterious and inexplicable.

that mental events do not exist.

that the physical world is really an illusion.

Physics is complete--there is no need to do further scientific research.

Physics is a system in which there is no such thing as causation.

Physics is a closed system in which every event at the basic physical level can be explained by basic physical laws.

Physical theories have all been conclusively refuted by other scientific disciplines.

Explanation / Answer

1. Option c is the right answer, There are certain basic principles over which all theory of physics work . there may be some exception but still we can define all physics concept by those underlying principles like force , direction etc

2.non physical phenomenon is not required to explain laws because physics are closed . in this case elan vital i.e a supposed independant biological life force and ecotplasm i.e independant pyschic force can also be explained by physical laws

3 False , he has always stick to his point that enough about the brain has already been known to justify that brain activity is also regulated by physical laws

4 All phenomenon occurs by physical forces and can be explained by physical laws

Related Questions

Navigate

• Browse (All)
• Browse Q
• Subjects

Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.